Synapses Flashcards
What branch of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is cholinergic transmission involved in? [1 mark]
Parasympathetic
What branch of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is adrenergic transmission involved in? [1 mark]
Sympathetic
What is a vesicle SNARE and what are 2 examples of it? [3 marks]
SNARE proteins that are bound to vesicles
- Synpatobrevin
- VAMP
What is a target SNARE and what are 2 examples of it? [3 marks]
SNARE proteins that are bound to the plasma membrane
- Syntaxin-1
- SNAP 25
What do v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs form together? [1 mark]
A SNAREpin
What binds to synaptotagmin to stabilise the SNAREpin? [1 mark]
Ca2+
What does choline acetyl transferase do? [1 mark]
It transfers an acetyl group from acetyl CoA to choline
What is the precursor molecule for adrenaline? [1 mark]
Tyrosine
What is the rate limiting enzyme for noradrenaline synthesis? [1 marks]
Tyrosine hydroxylase
Where is N-methyltransferase to make adrenaline found? [1 mark]
Adrenal glands
Which form of transmission can take up the unmetabolised form of its neurotransmitter? [1 mark]
Adrenergic (Noradrenaline)
How does Botulinum toxin/tetanus/diphtheria damage nerves? [1 marks]
Cleaves off SNARE proteins
What does choline acetyl transferase do? [1 mark]
It transfers an acetyl group from acetyl CoA to choline.
How do short acting cholinesterase inhibitors work? [1 mark]
Form reversible ionic bonds with cholinesterase
How do medium duration acting cholinesterase inhibitors work? [1 mark]
Transfer carbamoyl group to cholinesterase
