surgical instruments and knot tying

Question 1

what is the anatomy of a surgical instrument?

Answer 1

-functional end - tips or jaws
-bit in the middle - hinge (not present in all) shaft or shank
- bit you hold - ratchet (not present on all)

Question 2

purpose of a towel clamp

Answer 2

attach surgical drape to a patient.
sharp tips so blood flow to area maintained.

Question 3

purpose of needle holders

Answer 3

used for stabilising while passing suture material through tissues and for attaching/removing scalpel blades

Question 4

name the three different types of needle holders

Answer 4

mayo-hegar
olsen-hegar
gillies

Question 5

name and describe the three different types of needle holders

Answer 5

mayo-hegar = simple, ratchet, no cutting edge
olsen-hegar = simple, has cutting edge and ratchet
gillies= asymmetrical, has cutting edger, no ratchet.

Question 6

purpose of scalpel

Answer 6

sharpest cut which causes less trauma to tissues than scissors.
skin incisions always used with a blade.

Question 7

name two scissor types

Answer 7

mayo and metzenbaum

Question 8

describe mayo scissors

Answer 8

chunky tips and short shank
cut tough, fibrous tissue
cut suture material

Question 9

describe metzenbaum scissors

Answer 9

slim tips and longer shank
dissect soft tissue
not for suture material

Question 10

why are curved scissors good

Answer 10

allow for more manoeveurability and visibility within wound

Question 11

what are the three types of forceps?

Answer 11

dressing, tissue/toothed, artery

Question 12

purpose of dressing forceps

Answer 12

hold gauze/ cotton for dressing wounds
removal of necrotic tissue/foreign bodies from wounds prior to dressing

Question 13

name and description of dressing forceps

Answer 13

Adson - wide grip and serrated tips

Question 14

purpose of tissue/toothed forceps

Answer 14

stabilising/ holding tissue during surgery
interlocking teeth allow secure grip on tissue

Question 15

names and description of tissue/toothed forceps

Answer 15

treves- narrow grip and rat tooth tips
allis- ring handles and ratchet, interlocking teeth

Question 16

purpose of artery forceps

Answer 16

used of homeostasis = control of bleeding from a tissue/vessel by occluding blood flow

Question 17

name and describe the three types of forceps

Answer 17

halstead mosquito= serrated tips
spencer wells = short jaws
rochester pean= wide jaw

Question 18

purpose of a spay hook

Answer 18

used to help locate uterine horns during spay surgery

Question 19

purpose of a grooved director

Answer 19

guide probes and scalpels to prevent accidental damage to underlying tissues

Question 20

why is a surgeons not useful where tissue is under tension

Answer 20

double throw creates more friction, first throw is likely to remain tight while second throw is placed.