Superficial Face

Question 1

what two major vessels supply arterial blood to the scalp?

Answer 1

external and internal carotid arteries

Question 2

which carotid artery supplies a greater portion of the face?

Answer 2

external carotid artery

Question 3

what are the arterial branches that ascend to the scalp?

Answer 3

internal: supraorbital, supratrochlear
external: superficial temporal, posterior auricular, occipital

Question 4

Name the arterial branch that crosses the face horizontally. What accompanies this?

Answer 4

transverse facial artery (external); the parotid duct

Question 5

Where does the parotid duct terminate?

Answer 5

the gingival vestibule opposite the second upper molar

Question 6

what are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 6

opthalamic division (V1), maxillary division (V2), mandibular division (V3)

Question 7

be able to indicate what the pattern of sensory distribution of the trigeminal nerve branches on a diagram

Answer 7

p. 293

Question 8

what are the major terminal branches of the V1, V2, V3?

Answer 8

V1: supraorbital, supratrochlear
V2: infraorbital, zygomaticotemporal
V3: mental, auriculotemporal

Question 9

How does each of the terminal branches of V1, V2, V3 access the face? thru what foramen?

Answer 9

V1: supraorbital notch/foramen
V2: infraorbital foramen
V3: mental foramen

Question 10

what is the trigeminal neuralgia? which division is/are most affected? where would this pain be?

Answer 10

chronic and recurrent irritation of the various branches of the trigeminal nerve resulting in extreme facial pain-distributed depending upon which division is involved;
mandibular–lower teeth, skin of chin and in front of ear maxillary–upper teeth and skin of cheek and lower eyelid

Question 11

what are the five branches of the facial nerve? (CN VII)

Answer 11

temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, and cervical branches

Question 12

what is the function of the branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 12

motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression

Question 13

thru what bony opening does the facial nerve exit the cranial cavity? the base of the skull?

Answer 13

stylomastoid foramen; internal acoustic meatus

Question 14

what muscles are supplied with motor innervation just after CN VII exits the skull?

Answer 14

stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric

Question 15

what are the 2 major sphincter muscles of facial expression? which branch of the facial nerve innervates them?

Answer 15

orbicularis oculi (zygomatic branch) and orbicularis oris (buccal branch)

Question 16

what is Bell’s Palsy? how does one with this disease present?

Answer 16

paralysis of muscle of facial expression due to damage of the facial nerve; the affected side exhibits sagging. the lateral aspect of the eye and the mouth drop. the eye cannot close completely leading to potential ulceration of the cornea and fluids/foods will leak from the mouth on the affected side.