Subjunctive in Independent clauses Flashcards
In what four situations are verbs not found in the dependent clause?
1) commands
2) wishes (certain ones)
3) Wish or regret following “Ojalá (que)” or “Quién…!”
4) Doubts implied in verbs preceded by “quizá(s)” or “tal vez”
Change to the subjunctive: Have a good time.
Que se diviertan
Change to the subjunctive: Death to the traitor!
Muera el traidor!
Change to the subjunctive: May he/she rest in peace.
Que en paz descansne
Change to the subjunctive: Have someone else do it
Que lo hago otro
How is “ojalá que” + present subjunctive use?
When the speaker hopes something will happen (or not) in the future
ex: Ojalá que Eric llame hoy. (I hope Eric calls today- a wish that may be fulfilled)
How is “ojalá que” + imperfect subjunctive used?
Express a wish that is impossible or unlikely to happen
ex: Ojalá que Eric llamara hoy (I wish Eric would call today- a wish of difficult realization)
How is “ojalá que” + present perfect subjunctive used?
Express a hope about the immediate past
ex: Ojalá que Eric haya llamado (I hope Eric has called- the speaker is out, forgot his cell phone and doesn’t know whether Eric has called or not)
How is “ojalá que” + pluperfect subjunctive used?
A wish that was not fulfilled in the past and denotes regret
ex; Ojalá Eric hubiera llamado ayer (I wish- if only- that Eric had called yesterday- the action didn’t take place and the speaker regrets it)
What does “Quién + subjunctive” express?
- Imperfect subjunctive follows: A wish of impossible or unlikely realization
- Pluperfect subjunctive follows: Regret
What is the meaning of “Quizá(s)” and when is the subjunctive used?
“perhaps”
The subjunctive is used after when the speaker wishes to indicate doubt
What is the meaning of “tal vez” and when is the subjunctive used?
“perhaps”
the subjunctive is used when the speaker wishes to indicate doubt
Change to the subjunctive: Bon appetit! (Enjoy your meal)
Que les aproveche
