structure of plants

Question 1

xylem tube

Answer 1

• specialised cells forming a tissue responisble for transporting water & dissolved ions up the plant
• located in the vascular bundles

Question 2

waxy cuticle

Answer 2

• thin protective layer prevents the leaf from being damaged
• reduce water loss
• protect the leaf from damage by insects

Question 3

upper epidermis

Answer 3

• specialised cells which are thin and flat
• clear to enable light to pass through them easily to reach the palisade mesophyll

Question 4

stomata

Answer 4

• tiny pores between two guard cells
• stomata can widen and narrow to control when gas exchange occurs = can control how much water vapour is lost
  = CONTROL GAS EXCHANGE & WATER VAPOUR LOSS

Question 5

spongy mesophyll layer/cells

Answer 5

• spherical shape [few chloroplasts]
• allow pockets of air space to form between cells to allow gas exchange

Question 6

phloem tube

Answer 6

• specialised cells forming a tissue responsible for TRANSPORTING DISSOLVED SUGARS UP AND DOWN the plant
• located in the VASCULAR BUNDLES

Question 7

pallisade mesophyll cells

Answer 7

• there cells are specialised to contain many chloroplasts
• site of photosynthesis

Question 8

lower epidermis

Answer 8

• found on the underside of the leaf
• location stomata and guard cells

Question 9

guard cells

Answer 9

• control the stomata [gas exchange & water vapour loss]

Question 10

chloroplasts

Answer 10

• site where photosynthesis occurs
• chloroplasts contain special pigament called chlorophyll = essential for photosynthesis

Question 11

air spaces

Answer 11

• site for gas exchange
• oxygen diffuses out of the mesophyll cells into the AIR SPACES