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Medicine Terminology > Structural Organization of the Body > Flashcards

Structural Organization of the Body Flashcards

1
Q

Fundamental unit of all living things

A

Cells

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2
Q

Surrounds and protects the cell; regulates what passes into and out of the cells

A

Cell Membrane

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3
Q

Controls the operations, the structure and function

A

Nucleus

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4
Q

rod-like structures

A

Chromosomes

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5
Q

contains 23 pairs of chromosomes

A

All cells

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6
Q

contains 23 unpaired chromosomes

A

Sex cells

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7
Q

regions of DNA

A

Genes

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8
Q

DNA

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

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9
Q

regulates its activities according to its sequence

A

DNA

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10
Q

recipes in codes

A

DNA sequence

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11
Q

directs the activities of the cell when passed out of the nucleus

A

DNA sequence

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12
Q

photograph of an individual’s chromosome, arranged by size, shape, and number

A

karyotype

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13
Q

determine whether chromosomes are normal

A

karyotyping

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14
Q

puncture of the sac around the fetus for removal of fluid and cells

A

amniocentesis

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15
Q

shows 47 chromoxomes

A

down syndrome

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16
Q

extra chromosome 21 that resulted in down syndrome

A

trisomy 21 syndrome

17
Q

materials outside the nucleus and enclosed by the cell membrane

A

cytoplasm

18
Q

carries on the work of the cell

A

cytoplasm

19
Q

supplies chemical needs of the cell through specialized apparatus

A

cytoplasm

20
Q

small sausage-shaped bodies

A

mitochondria

21
Q

principal source of energy of the cell

A

mitochondria

22
Q

use nutrients and oxygen to release energy from food

A

mitochondria

23
Q

breaking down of complex substance to simple substances

A

catabolism

24
Q

energy is released

A

catabolism

25
Q

network of canals within the cell

A

endoplasmic reticulum

26
Q

cellular tunnels that manufacture proteins

A

endoplasmic reticulum

27
Q

build long chains of proteins

A

ribosomes

28
Q

building large proteins from small proteins

A

anabolism

29
Q

small proteins

A

amino acids

30
Q

anabolism and catabolism

A

metabolism

31
Q

chemical found within each chromosome

A

DNA

32
Q

long and slender

A

muscle cells

33
Q

contains fibers that aid in contracting and relaxing

A

muscle cells

34
Q

may be square or flat

A

epithelial cells

35
Q

provide protection

A

epithelial cells

36
Q

long and have fibrous estensions

A

nerve cells

37
Q

carries impulses

A

nerve cells

38
Q

large, empty spaces for fat storages

A

fat cell

39
Q

fat cells

A

adipocytes

Medicine Terminology (4 decks)

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