Storage and retrieval Flashcards
What information can speakers retrieve about words?
Semantic, phonetic, syllabic, initial letter, semantic field and phonologically similar words
Define synonymy
Where words have similar meanings and can be used interchangeably depending on context
Define antonymy
Opposite meaning, can be gradable like small to big
What is a marked expression?
Where one term of an antonym pair is used by default eg. how tall are you not how short
Define hyponymy
Where words have a ‘type’ of relationship, eg. one word is an umbrella term for another like furniture and chair
Define meronymy
Where words have a ‘part of’ relationship, such as arm and hand
Define lexical storage
How words are stored in our minds in relation to eachother
Define lexical retrieval
How we find a word when we need it, the key to retrieval is activation
What are the two stages of activation?
Access - including ruling out any other possible words
Recognition
What is the serial model?
Looking through lexical entries to determine if the item is a word, and then retrieve it
What is the parallel model?
Lexical entry activates multiple entries and the one that shares most similarities with the stimulus is chosen
What is the cohort theory?
Auditory word recognition
Continually processing speech as it is heard
All words that begin with the first
sound of the target word are activated
They’re then deactivated until the right word is chosen
What happens when we deactivate a word?
- neuron fires an impulse
What needs to be done for higher frequency words?
- need to be activated more
- neuron fires more often and becomes strong
- quicker the word is activated
What is spreading activation?
Where words associated with another word are also activated during the process
