stem cells Flashcards

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1
Q

how do erythrocytes and neutrophils differentiate from bone marrow?

A

they are replaced by stem cell colonies in bone marrow as they have a short life

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2
Q

state the three sources of stem cells

A

embryonic
adult stem cell
meristem

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3
Q

describe embryonic stem cells

A

totipotent until a blastocyst forms and then becomes pluripotent

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4
Q

describe adult stem cells

A

multipotent
found in bone marrow

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5
Q

describe meristem cells

A

in roots and shoots or vascular cambium

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6
Q

how are stem cells used to treat heart disease?

A

repair muscle tissue damage

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7
Q

how are stem cells used to treat T1 diabetes?

A

inject insulin

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8
Q

how are stem cells used to treat burns?

A

grown on biodegradable mesh to produce new skin

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9
Q

how are stem cells used to treat alzheimers?

A

abnormal proteins destroy brain cells

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10
Q

how are stem cells used in drug trials?

A

allows testing

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11
Q

outline the benefits of using stem cells (3)

A
  • stem cells have no fixed antigens so will not be rejected by the body
  • undifferentiated and constantly renew so can produce any type of cell
  • large number of cells available quickly
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