Station 3 Flashcards
CELLULITIS
- bacterial
Symptoms
- red swollen area, fever & chills often over large patches of skin
- painful and swollen
Treatment
- give flucloxacillin
- paracetamol for pain
Advice
- make sure sure area kept clean and dry
- moisturise after washing area.
- dry with a seperate towel
Varicella Zoster (chicken Pox)
- viral infection
Child
- paracetamol if fever
- Chlorofenamine 1mg every 4-6hr or 2mg if 6yrs old
- calamine solution
Adult - aciclovir 800mg 5x day
Advice
- keep isolated, dont go work/school
- wash bedsheets and avoid sharing personal items like towels or clothes.
- dont pick the spots as this will cause scarring
HERPES - viral
- SIMPLEX
Herpes Simplex (cold sore)
- eruption around mucous membranes of mouth
- red spots
Treatment: topical acyclovir 1% 5x for 5 days
- paracetamol for pain
Advice
- make sure you clean the area and keep it dry
- do not share cutlery
- wear spf lip balm to prevent further reddening
- once the blister has burst then treatment wont work
Shingles - Herpes Zoster
- viral
Symptoms
- small fluid filled spots running along one side of body
- big cluster and very tingly/painful
Treatment
- aciclovir 800mg 5x daily for 7 days
- usually self limiting
Advice
- don’t share personal items like clothes or towels
- wash bedsheets and clothes and isolate from elderly or pregnant
- stay off work as very contagious
IMPETIGO
- bacterial
Symptoms
- golden crust & bullous vesicles form, very contagious
- round mouth
Treatment
- mupirocin 3x daily for 10 days
- hydrogen peroxide 1st line Crystacide
Advice
- stay off work school cuz very infective
- have separate towels, cutlery etc
- keep area clean and dry
Tinea Pedis (athletes foot)
- Fungal
Symptoms
- red, itchy, cracking especially between toes
Treatment
- Terbinafine 1% cream once daily
- make sure clean feet before applying
Advice
- keep feet dry, dont walk barefoot in public areas
- change socks regular, clean shoes
- use talcum powder to keep feet dry
- make sure to wash hands thoroughly after applying
Tinea Corpus (ringworm)
- fungal
Symptoms
- Fungal infection , circular with fungal white outline
- can be on athletes foot , cradle cap , ringworm, nail infection
Treatment
- clotrimazole antifungal 2/3 times daily on affected area
- Terbinafine
- hydrocortisone if it is itchy
Tinea Versicolor
- fungal
Symptoms
- lightened pigmentation on upper limbs and body
Treatment
- selenium sulfide shampoo 1 weekly for 2 weeks then as required
- terbinafine 1-2 times daily for 1 week applied thinly
Scabies
Symptoms
- burrow tracks on skin, intense itch and redness
- rash with red bumps
Treatment
- permethrin 5% once a week 2x doses over full body and wash after 8-12hrs
- if hands are washed before 8hrs, reapply
Advice
- wash all clothing and bedsheets with hot water
- treat all house members and close contacts
- avoid physical contact and stay off school/work
Eczema DERMATITIS
Symptoms
- red, dry itchy patches sometimes with blisters
- not painful just itchy, no fever
Treatment
- zerobase emollient
- Eumovate cream (clobetasone 0.05%)
Advice
- keep skin moisturised
- avoid harsh soaps
- try to avoid triggers (like cold environments)
Nappy Rash
- fungal
Symptoms
- red rash and white spots, diarrhoea
- caused by candida albicans
- urine and faeces irritating area
Treatment
- Clotrimazole 2-3x daily to affected area
- continue with sudocream to act as barrier after antifungal
Advice
- any broken skin or sign of bacterial infection refer
- keep area regularly cleaned and dry fully after
- give time without nappy to allow area to dry
Psoriasis
Symptoms
- red scaly patches of skin that are raised
- sometimes itchy
- affects outer joints instead of inner joints (in eczema)
Treatment
- eumovate (Clobetasone 0.05%)
- emollient zerobase
Advice
- keep skin moisturised
- avoid triggers like smoking
Contact Dermatitis
- inflammatory
Symptoms
- redness and swelling after coming into contact
- blisters or dry/cracked skin
Treatment
- zerobase emollient
- hydrocortisone 1% cream for itch and redness
Advice
- wear latex free gloves, use gentle cleanser when washing area, wear cotton gloves
- apply zerobase first then hydrocortisone to help skin absorb more
Candidiasis
Symptoms
- Inflamed / itchy membranes in moist areas like mouth, vagina, armpits
- oral thrush when white patches in tongue
Treatment
- terbinafine or miconazole gel
Pharyngitis
- bacterial if white patches
Symptoms
- majority viral so self treats
- bacterial strep pyo 20% of cases
Treatment
- clarithromycin 250mg
Severe - Phenoxymethyl penicillin 500mg 4x daily
