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Cosmetology > State Board > Flashcards

State Board Flashcards

1
Q

What are translucent gel like substance forms living matter in all plant and animal cells?

A

Protoplasm (includes cytoplasm and nucleus).

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2
Q

What is paronychia?

A

bacterial infection of Nail Fold

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3
Q

What is pilica polonica?

A

Excessive matting of the hair

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4
Q

length and height are created by which lines?

A

Vertical Lines

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5
Q

What is physiology?

A

study of how functions and activities of the body’s structures

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6
Q

What are stress strips used for?

A

To add strength they are piece of material typically fiberglass ,silk or linen. Its placed over the area where the tip meets the natural nail.

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7
Q

What is alopecia (area)ta?

A

bald patches on areas of the body

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8
Q

What is basal cell carcinoma?

A

Type of cancer ( it occurs to areas exposed to sun)

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9
Q

What is the test curl used for?

A

To see how the hair is softening and to see how the new curl patter is developing

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10
Q

What are the diameters on concave rods?

A

they have a smaller diameter in the center and wider diameter on either end

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11
Q

What is eye tabbing?

A

Application of individual synthetic lashes applied to the base of clients natural lashes

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12
Q

What is the Nail Mantle?

A

Area of the nail that holds the nail root and matrix

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13
Q

What is onychauxis?

A

Thickening of the nail

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14
Q

What is balanced?

A

when elements of design are in equal or correct proportions to one another

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15
Q

What is a 3 - way buffer?

A

Is designed with different grits to remove ridges, unevenness , fix minor flaws and finish with high shine

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16
Q

What is bromhidrosis?

A

secretion of foul smelling sweat

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17
Q

What is the Arc or Stem?

A

Located between the base and first turn of the circle

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18
Q

What two divisions is the skin divided into?

A

The epidermis which is the outermost layer and the dermis is the innermost layer.

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19
Q

What are linen wraps?

A

They are the strongest however the resin does not penetrate fabric as well as it does silk or fiberglass

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20
Q

What is onychocryptosis?

A

Ingrown nail; condition where the nail plate cuts into the surrounding skin

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21
Q

What is a dart?

A

alternation made to a wig to remove width in the nape area

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22
Q

What is malpractice?

A

insurance protects owner in the event client sues the salon resulting from employee negligence during a service

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23
Q

What is the monthly average growth of hair?

A

1/2 inch

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24
Q

What is electricity?

A

Movement of particles around an atom that creates pure energy

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25
Q

What phase is telogen?

A

The resting phase

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26
Q

What do you use for permanent hair removal?

A

it involves the use of an electric current to damage the cells of the papilla

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27
Q

What is a zonal relaxer?

A

it relaxes specific area of the head this technique is most commonly used on the sides of the head and nape area on the short taper cuts

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28
Q

What are complementary colors?

A

colors across from one another on the color wheel. They help neutralize one another and used to correct unwanted tones. ( GREEN neutralizes RED, VIOLET neutralizes YELLOW, BLUE neutralizes ORANGE TONES.)

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29
Q

What is hypopigmentation?

A

loss of skin color or the absence of normal amounts of melanin in the skin. “ Hypo” indicates a “less than normal” condition.

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30
Q

What is leuconychia?

A

known as white spots and often result of an injury to the matrix.

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31
Q

What features does a heart shaped face has?

A

wide forehead and narrow chin. ( To make it appear more oval decrease width along the forehead and add width in the jawline and neck area

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32
Q

What lines will draw the viewers eyes in an up and down direction?

A

Vertical lines ( graduated, layer and taper cuts)

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33
Q

What lines will draw your eye in a side to side direction?

A

Horizontal lines

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34
Q

How long does it take to replace a lost fingernail?

A

4 - 6 months

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35
Q

How long does it take to replace a toenail?

A

It can take up to 1 year

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36
Q

Where is the hair root located?

A

below the skin’s surface. The ( hair root )is comprised of the follicle, bulb, papilla, arrector pili and sebaceous gland

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37
Q

What is scope of practice?

A

Refers to the list of procedures, actions and processes that the technician can perform within their state and the terms of their license.

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38
Q

What is onycholysis?

A

separation of the nail plate from the nail bed. (painless and gradually separates over a period of time. Condition may result from a traumatic experience, infection or some disease

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39
Q

What is the nail plate?

A

is made up of dead cells (hardened keratin) lies directly on top of the nail bed. ( The nail plate protects the nail bed which is made up of live cells, blood vessels and nerves

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40
Q

What is a wheal or welt?

A

An area of the skin that may be temporarily raised its usually reddened and also contains itching. (Hives or mosquito bites are examples of a wheal)

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41
Q

What area is the crest area?

A

is the widest area that goes around the head (Also know as parietal ridge and where the head begins to curve away from the comb.)

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42
Q

What is the average growth for a fingernail?

A

1/8 - 1/10 per month

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43
Q

What are nonconductors or insulators?

A

they allow little to no sound, heat or electricity to pass through them

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44
Q

What are modacrylic fibers?

A

they are formulated from acrylic and petroleum products and used to make synthetic wigs and hairpieces

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45
Q

What shape does the graduated haircut have?

A

it has a triangular or wedge shape (which is the result of using low to medium elevation.)

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46
Q

Which color lasts from shampoo to shampoo?

A

Temporary colors (they have larger molecules that sit on the hair shaft and do not enter into the cortex.)

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47
Q

Which area is the closest to the scalp and the foundation of a pin curl?

A

The Base (non - movable area that is closest to the scalp.
)

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48
Q

What do non oxidative colors include?

A

temporary and semipermanent colors

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49
Q

What do oxidative colors include?

A

permanent and demi permanent colors

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50
Q

What is double process application?

A

1.) pre lightening 2.) Applying a color (Toner) to achieve the desired color shade. (Toners may be semipermanent, demipermanent or permanent colors.)

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51
Q

What are temporary colors?

A

They have larger color molecules that sit on the hair shaft and do not enter into the cortex

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52
Q

What are demi permanent colors?

A

they have larger and small molecules and can penetrate into the cortex and lay on the cuticle

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53
Q

What are permanent colors?

A

they have smaller molecules that penetrate into the cortex and add artificial color to the hair

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54
Q

On a file, the lower the grit the?

A

higher the number of abrasive particles on the file

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55
Q

On a file, the higher the grit the?

A

Lower amount of particles on the file

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56
Q

What are must it penetrate with relaxers and permanent waves to change the natural pattern of the natural hair?

A

cortex layer. The sulfur bond, (in the cortex layer) must be broken in order to change the curl pattern of the hair

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57
Q

What are proper sizing procedures called?

A

they are called blocking (they are used to ensure the size and shape of the wig)

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58
Q

What is the medulla?

A

Is the center or the innermost layer of the hair fiber (Not all hair types have a medulla)

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59
Q

Which type of hair fibers will burn slower and produce an odor?

A

Human Hair

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60
Q

Which type of hair will melt and ball up at the end or continue to flame and burn out quickly without producing an odor?

A

Synthetic Hair

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61
Q

An organism that lives on or in a host species and obtains its nutrients and /or protection from them is a?

A

parasite (they require another organism (host) in order to survive

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62
Q

To prove your identity and that you can legally work in the United States, both the employee and the employer will complete a/an?

A

1 -9 Form

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63
Q

The relaxer that has a ph over 12 on the ph scale is the?

A

Sodium Hydroxide Relaxer (they have a pH of 12.5 - 14 on the pH scale, they are much stronger than this relaxers.

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64
Q

What is the cortex layer made of?

A

is made up primarily of protein and contains melanocytes (color). This layer of the hair produces your hair color and gives hair its elasticity

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65
Q

What is the high point of the nail called?

A

the apex (the stress area is directly above the area where the nail grows out to a free edge )

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66
Q

What makes a service or technique inadvisable?

A

Contraindications

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67
Q

The solution used to restructure or regarded the hair in a relaxing service is called a?

A

Stabilizer or neutralizing shampoo is used

68
Q

A uniform cut uses a?

A

Traveling guide (has the same length throughout the head uses a mobile guide and 90 degree projection throughout the haircut. The technique consists of using small piece of the previously cut section as a guide for cutting the next section).

69
Q

The type of pincurl that has the most mobility and sits off its base?

A

A full stem or off - base pincurl sits directly below its base and has the most mobility

70
Q

The most commonly used tool position is the?

A

Half off tool position ( achieved by holding hair at a 90 degree angle. This position reduces stress on the hair. The tool sits half above and half below the bottom parting).

71
Q

What are the 3 parts of a cell?

A

CYTOPLASM, CELL MEMBRANE AND NUCLEUS

72
Q

The technique of relaxing the hair by 50% of its natural curl pattern is called?

A

Curl diffusion ( sometimes its referred to as a chemical blowout)

73
Q

The main ingredient used in a soft curl relaxer service is?

A

Ammonia thioglycolate (Reformation curls, soft curls or double process perm they all use ammonia thioglycolate)

74
Q

In the anagen stage the?

A

The hair bulb is attached to the hair root and new hair is produced. This is the growing or active phase and can last 2 - 6 years

75
Q

What is the croquignole wrap?

A

wrapping the hair from the hair ends to the scalp where each rotation overlaps the previous section

76
Q

What will horizontal lines add to a hair design?

A

will create width in a design

77
Q

What will vertical lines create in a hair design?

A

will create length and height in a design

78
Q

The part of the nail a technician is prohibited from trimming and or cutting?

A

The eponychium ( is the living tissue at the base of the nail that covers the matrix)

79
Q

What is an unstable, temporary mixture, that will separate over time?

A

Suspension ( they are two or more molecules/ particles that are mixed together. They are unstable mixtures that tend to separate over time. For example oil and vinegar.)

80
Q

What is the outermost layer of the skin?

A

the epidermis ( consists of 5 layers, it is located above the dermis division.)

81
Q

What is a electrochemical effects?

A

they produce relaxation, tightening of the pores, to stimulation of nerves. (The galvanic current has an electrochemical effect.)

82
Q

What is the technical term for excessive or abnormal hair growth?

A

is hypertrichosis or hirsuties

83
Q

Which nail wrap is made of a looser weave mesh material?

A

Fiberglass is the least strongest however is easy to work with and because of its looser weave, the resin easily penetrates it and creates a strong adhesion

84
Q

Fingerwaves are an example of repeating curved lines that are?

A

placed horizontally, vertically or diagonally. If done correctly they will never intersect one another

85
Q

Inflammation of the sebaceous glands from a buildup of secretions, which resulting in a sever case of pimples?

A

Acne ( is the inflammation of the sebaceous glands, characterized by pimples and or comedones

86
Q

The capital needed to start a business may include?

A

Assets

87
Q

Which massage manipulation is used for relaxation?

A

Effleurage ( is a gentle circular massage movement, this is typically used at the beginning and end of the massage to relax your client.)

88
Q

When removing polish from acrylic enhancements, you should use?

A

Non acetone products ( acetone will erode away acrylic products and it is used in acrylic nail removal.)

89
Q

A dart is a vertical seam made to?

A

to remove width in the nape area

90
Q

What is a tuck?

A

A horizontal alteration to shorten or remove bulk from front to nape

91
Q

For a virgin application going to a darker level than the natural hair color, the technique to use is a?

A

BASE TO ENDS APPLICATION

92
Q

Acid solutions have a pH of?

A

0 - 6.9

93
Q

Neutral solutions have a pH of?

A

7

94
Q

Alkaline solutions have a pH of?

A

7.1 - 14

95
Q

Another term for the nail plate?

A

The nail body is the hard keratin of the nail that lies atop of the nail bed. It contains no blood vessels or nerves and protects the nail bed

96
Q

For a virgin relaxer service, the relaxer is applied?

A

Off the scalp, then back to the scalp and ends

97
Q

Ringworm of the nail is called?

A

Tinea Unguium and onychomycosis are a fungal infection of the nail

98
Q

The relaxer that breaks the disulfide bond, then loses a sulfur atom and a lanthionine bond is formed in its place is the?

A

sodium hydroxide relaxer ( after the processing step, the disulfide bond is not reformed, rather a sulfur atom is lost and a new bond is formed (lanthionine bond).

99
Q

The most effective method of infection control is?

A

Sterilization

100
Q

What is friction?

A

the deep penetration movement, using the palms or fingertips. (circular friction movements are performed.)

101
Q

Lanugo hair is usually replaced by?

A

vellus hair (LANUGO HAIR is short downy hair that covers the fetus or newborn. ) Lanugo hair changes into (VELLUS HAIR, which is fine hair that covers the body, typically through puberty. ) (Vellus hair is then replaced by the coarse pigmented hair known as TERMINAL HAIR ).

102
Q

The method of putting in a cornrow and then attaching the extension by sewing the weft to the cornrow?

A

TRACK AND SEW ( Sew method a 3 strand on the scalp braid is used as the support structure to sew in a weft of hair).

103
Q

If the perm solution is not evenly distributed across the hair, it may result in?

A

uneven curls

104
Q

Percussion is another term for?

A

Tapotement ( also known as hacking is the massage movement that uses a slapping, tapping or hacking movement to increase blood circulation, muscle contractions and stimulation of nerves).

105
Q

Wet hair will stretch approximately?

A

50% and return to its original form without breakage

106
Q

Located at the base of the follicle, fits into the hair bulb?

A

papilla

107
Q

Skin regulates the body’s temperature which should be around?

A

98.6 is the normal body temperature

108
Q

A formal summary of the aims and values of the company, individual or organization is a?

A

Mission Statement ( summarizes the aims and values of the company).

109
Q

Which of the following is not part of a basic facial treatment?

A

eyebrow tweezing is an add on service

110
Q

A narrow jaw and wide - set forehead is characteristic of a?

A

Heart Face ( wide forehead and narrow chin).

111
Q

When you shut off your appliance you are breaking the circuit and that is known as a/an?

A

Open circuit ( turning off appliance breaks the flow of electricity which results in open circuit.)

112
Q

what does turning on your appliance creates?

A

A closed circuit

113
Q

Design elements consist of lines, color, space and?

A

Form and texture

114
Q

Periodic sheding of the nail, usually resulting from a disease?

A

Onychoptosis ( caused by a disease and or injury that results in the part of all of the nail shedding and eventually falling off. )

115
Q

To make an oblong face appear more oval, your main objective would be to make the face appear shorter in length and?

A

Add width to the cheek area

116
Q

The sudoriferous gland produces?

A

sweat

117
Q

Presences of excessive body or facial hair is known as?

A

Hirsuties ( the growth of an unusual amount of hair in areas that would normally not have that much or only soft downy hair.)

118
Q

Tissues are made up of groups of similar?

A

cells

119
Q

A growth pattern that forms a v- shape point at front hairline and curves to one side?

A

widows peak

120
Q

A performed hairpiece worn in the crown or nape area?

A

chignon is a long segment of hair that has been pre shaped into a bun or loop, sewn to a base and worn at the nape area or in the crown of the head.

121
Q

The sebaceous and sudoriferous glands make up this system?

A

Integumentary system protects the body in a variety of ways, aiding in the loss and elimination of water/ waste to the protection from cuts or abrasions.

122
Q

silver is an example of a?

A

most metals are conductors. silver, copper and graphite are a few examples of metals that are conductors

123
Q

Having the hair ends protrude beyond the iron can cause?

A

fishhooks

124
Q

A color primer or concealer can be used to?

A

counteract unwanted undertones in the natural skin

125
Q

scalp disorder where oily flakes and sebum combine and form greasy scales/ flakes that stick to the scalp?

A

pityriasis steatoides

126
Q

The simplest form of matter that cannot be broken down further without losing its identity?

A

elements are substances that cannot be chemically broken down further without destroying its identity

127
Q

A freckle is an example of a

A

macule is a discolored patch of skin that is not raised

128
Q

leuconychia can be a hereditary condition or caused by injury, the common appearance is?

A

white spots and often a result of an injury to the matrix

129
Q

skin brushing machines are an example of?

A

mechanical exfoliant is a product used to slough off dead skin cells. Examples are masks, scrubs or skin brushing applications

130
Q

A haircut with a weight line around the perimeter and cut zero elevation is a?

A

blunt cut

131
Q

technical term for any electrically powered appliance?

A

load

132
Q

The following is an example of permanent hair removal?

A

electrolysis this method uses a current that destroys the growth of cells at the papilla

133
Q

This light produces heat and used in facials or as an aid to processing hair color?

A

Infrared light produced heat, has less energy and longer wavelengths then visible light or ultraviolet light

134
Q

The main ingredient in an alkaline wave is?

A

ammonia thioglycolate

135
Q

The main ingredient in an acid wave is?

A

glyceryl monothioglycolate acid

136
Q

the nail matrix is the formative layer of the nail where?

A

cell division takes place

137
Q

A comparative relationship between two features or body parts such as overall size, head shape, nose size, etc?

A

proportion

138
Q

The least expensive method of wig construction is done by sticking together wefts of hair that will form the base and shape of the wig?

A

machine made wigs are wefts of hair that are sewn to a cap typically in a circular or crisscross pattern.

139
Q

human hair wigs should be cleaned every?

A

2 -4 weeks

140
Q

The largest expense in a salon will be?

A

salaries

141
Q

progressive hair color typically contain?

A

metallic salts

142
Q

The round shaped or ovoid shaped bacteria that can appear in groups or singularly?

A

cocci

143
Q

The relaxer comes in 3 strengths?

A

mild, regular and super

144
Q

These lines will create width in a hair design?

A

horizontal

145
Q

most bacteria are?

A

one celled organisms

146
Q

The outer most layer of the hair strand is the?

A

cuticle

147
Q

The nail is part of the?

A

Integumentary system

148
Q

which of the following lesions does not require medical attention?

A

macule discolored patch

149
Q

Income minus expenses shows you whether you made a?

A

profit or loss

150
Q

The papers used in chemical waving, to control the hair ends when wrapping its round a tool?

A

end papers

151
Q

A nail technician may not treat or give a service to someone with?

A

onycholysis separation of the nail plate from the bed, but the nail itself does not fall off

152
Q

If we look at our skin, the layer we see is the?

A

stratum corneum also known as the horny layer is the outermost layer of the epidermis

153
Q

The epidermis is the?

A

outermost layer

154
Q

Prior to the hair removal service the area should be cleansed with a/an?

A

antiseptic

155
Q

A gum like substance that helps unite two unfixable particles is called a/an?

A

emulsifier ingredient that will unite two otherwise immisicible items together to form a mixture

156
Q

Electricity produces 3 main effects?

A

HEAT, ELECTROCHEMICAL,MECHANICAL

157
Q

Lines that are parallel to the floor and used to create weight?

A

horizontal lines

158
Q

The facial shape that should have added height or width at the top/ temple area?

A

triangle

159
Q

Sebum mixes with perspiration to form the?

A

Acid mantle

160
Q

One way to achieve a high shine on the nail is to use?

A

A 3 way buffer

161
Q

It is important to air form in the?

A

Direction of the cuticle scales ( going against the cuticle scales can cause damage).

162
Q

The hair characteristics that determines how close to the scalp you can thin the hair is?

A

texture ( coarse hair should be cut further from the scalp than fine hair ).

163
Q

The angle you move the head in order to cut that section?

A

head position

164
Q

The blow dryer attachment that directs the heat to a smaller specific area of the hair?

A

concentrator

165
Q

This light is less penetrating, produces germicidal effects and has the shortest wavelengths in the light spectrum?

A

ultraviolet

166
Q

What bond must be chemically broken in the permanent wave process?

A

disulfide bond

167
Q

It is recommend when applying soft wax that you hold spatula at a?

A

45 degrees

Cosmetology (1 decks)

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