Standing Waves 1 Flashcards
what happens to wave when they hit something
they react different depending on the surface they encounter
what happens when a transverse wave reach a rigid or fixed surface
the reflected wave is inverted due to newtons 3rd law, as the wave applies a force on the wall and the wall applies the same force back on that wave
what is a standing wave
a single large, amplitude wave that doesnt appear to be moving
how does a standing wave form
if other waves pulses moving through the string, the reflected pulse will interfere with them.
at the right frequencies, the pulses will interact to create a standing wave.
what are nodes
no movement
points where two waves cancel each other out and destructive interference occurs and the wave is still
what are antinodes
two points where the wave oscillates with maximum amplitude and constructive interference occurs.
what is fundamental frequency (f0)
the simplest standing wave with just one antinode
what are harmonics and harmonic series
harmonics are waves with frequencies that are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency
these frequencies form harmonic series.
how is wavelenht and frequency calculates in each harmonic
L is the lenght of teh string
wavelength = 2L/n(number of antinodes)
frequency = n x f0
frequency = n x v/2L
v = f x lambda
v = f x 2L/n
f = vn/2L - proof
harmonics in a string
musical instruments have strings fixed at two ends
when its played, large variety of waves with various frequencies are created
majority of these vibrations interfere randomly and die out
vibrations that correspond to the resonant frequency of string will form standing wave and remain.
