STAAR Vocabulary #2

Question 0

Cell Cycle

Answer 0

Sequence of phases consisting of cell growth and division; important to an organism’s growth and development.

Question 1

Carbohydrates

Answer 1

Source of energy; contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; sugars and starches

Question 2

DNA Replication

Answer 2

transforms one strand of nucleic acid into two sets so that each set maybe passed on to daughter cells in cell division.

Question 3

Protein

Answer 3

Composed of amino acids; large and complex; can be hormone or enzyme.

Question 4

Mitosis

Answer 4

Phase during the cell cycle in which the nucleus is divided resulting in identical daughter cells.

Question 5

Anaphase

Answer 5

Chromatids are separated into identical sets of chromosomes and begin moving toward opposite ends of the parent cell.

Question 6

Prophase

Answer 6

Nucleoli disappears; mitotic spindle forms in between pairs of centrioles.

Question 7

Cytokinesis

Answer 7

Division of the parent cell’s cytoplasm; occurs in conjunction with telophase.

Question 8

Lipids

Answer 8

Source of energy; insoluble in water; includes fats, wax, and oils.

Question 9

Chromosomes

Answer 9

Contains genetic information in the form of DNA.

Question 10

Interphase

Answer 10

DNA is replicated; cells grow and develop.

Question 11

Metaphase

Answer 11

Chromatids align in the middle of the cell and are attached to spindle structure that stretches to opposite ends of the cell.

Question 12

Amino acid

Answer 12

A carbon-hydrogen-oxygen-nitrogen molecule created from a specific triplet sequence.

Question 13

DNA

Answer 13

Carries genetic information from parent cell or parents’ egg and sperm cells.

Question 14

Codon (Triplett)

Answer 14

Formed from a sequence of three nucleotides and specify one of twenty different amino acids.

Question 15

Transcription

Answer 15

Process that copies DNA’s genetic information into messenger RNA.

Question 16

Mutation

Answer 16

Insertion, deletion, or substitution in a DNA sequence.

Question 17

Translation

Answer 17

Process by which a protein in made from mRNA and occurs within a cell’s ribosome.

Question 18

Genetic Code

Answer 18

Language of triplets that is common to all organisms.

Question 19

Nitrogen Base

Answer 19

A component of the nucleotide and pairs with a complimentary form from another nucleotide.