Sport Psychology - Motivation and Achievement Motivation

Question 1

Define motivation

Answer 1

A drive to succeed

Question 2

Name 2 types of motivation

Answer 2

Intrinsic motivation
Extrinsic motivation

Question 3

Name 2 types of extrinsic motivation

Answer 3

Tangible rewards
Intangible rewards

Question 4

Define intrinsic motivation

Answer 4

A drive to succeed from within

Question 5

Define extrinsic motivation

Answer 5

A drive to succeed from an external source

Question 6

Define tangible rewards

Answer 6

A type of extrinsic motivation
Can be touched or held

Question 7

Define intangible rewards

Answer 7

A type of extrinsic motivation
A reward that is non-physical

Question 8

Give an example of some tangible rewards

Answer 8

Trophies
Money
Medals

Question 9

Give an example of intangible rewards

Answer 9

Praise from a coach or fan

Question 10

Which is thought to be better in the long-term for a performer, intrinsic or extrinsic motivation? Why?

Answer 10

Intrinsic
It is stronger and longer lasting

Question 11

Name 3 negative effects of extrinsic motivation

Answer 11

1. It may lose its value
2. Players may complete solely because of the extrinsic rewards
3. Can increase pressure and lead to cheating
4. May undermine intrinsic motivation

Question 12

Nam 3 ways that a coach can improve motivation

Answer 12

1. Offer rewards
2. Make tasks fun and enjoyable
3. Point out health benefits
4. Break skill into sub-routines
5. Use role models
6. Praise
7. Attribution re-training
8. SMART goals

Question 13

What kind of approach is achievement motivation? Why

Answer 13

Interactionist
Dependent on personality and environment

Question 14

According to achievement motivation, what two types of behaviour can a performer show?

Answer 14

Nach/Approach
Naf/Avoidance

Question 15

How can achievement motivation be calculated

Answer 15

Desire to succeeWd - Fear of failure

Question 16

What is desire to succeed dictated by?

Answer 16

Incentive value of success

Question 17

What is fear of failure dictated by?

Answer 17

Probability of success

Question 18

When will a performer show Nach behaviour?

Answer 18

If their desire to succeed outweight their fear of failure

Question 19

When will a performer show Naf behaviour?

Answer 19

If their fear of failure outweighs their desire to succeed

Question 20

Name 3 characteristics of a Nach performer

Answer 20

1. Enjoy competition
2. Takes risks
3. High confidence levels
4. High levels of task persistence
5. Attribute success to internal factors
6. Enjoy feedback

Question 21

Name 3 characteristics of a Naf performer

Answer 21

1. Low task persistance
2. Do not like feedback
3. Takes easy option

Question 22

Name 3 ways a coach can develop approach behaviour

Answer 22

1. Reinforcement
2. Attribution retraining
3. Allow Success
4. Goal setting

Question 23

According to achievement goal theory, what is the problem with outcome goals

Answer 23

If the performer does not reach their goal, they will lose confidence

Question 24

According to achievement goal theory, what kind of goals should be set?

Answer 24

Task-related goals