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x-ray > spine > Flashcards

spine Flashcards

1
Q

how many bones are in the spinal column

A

33

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2
Q

how many true movable vertebra are there

A

24

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3
Q

how many sections are in the vertebral column

A

4

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4
Q

how many bones are in the cervical spine

A

7

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5
Q

how many bones are in the thoracic spine

A

12

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6
Q

how many bones are in the lumbar spine

A

5

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7
Q

how far does spinal canal extend

A

from base of the skull (medulla oblongata) to into the sacrum

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8
Q

what does the spinal canal contain

A

spinal cord and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid

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9
Q

what are in between the vertebrae

A

vertebral disks

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10
Q

what are vertebral disks

A

tough fibro-cartilaginous disks that separate typical adult vertebrae ; these cushion like disks allow flexibility and stability in the spinal column

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11
Q

the thoracic zygopophyseal joints are seen on what view

A

oblique projections ; aligned at 70 degrees to the sagittal plane

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12
Q

the thoracic intervertebral foramina are seen on what view

A

lateral projection ; aligned at 90 degrees to the sagittal plane

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13
Q

at what level is the vertebral prominence

A

C7

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14
Q

at what level is the jugular notch at

A

T2 - T3

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15
Q

at what level is the sternal angle at

A

T4

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16
Q

at what level is the angle of the scapula at

A

T7

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17
Q

at what level is the xiphoid tip at

A

T10

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18
Q

why is a lead strip placed on the back of the patient for a lateral Thoracic spine

A

absorption of scatter radiation

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19
Q

where is the top of the IR for AP T-spine

A

1 1/2 to 2 inches above shoulders

20
Q

what kind of curve does the cervical region have

A

lordotic

21
Q

what kind of curve does the thoracic region have

A

kyphotic

22
Q

what kind of curve does the lumbar region have

A

lordotic

23
Q

what kind of curve does the pelvic region have

A

kyphotic

24
Q

what two regions are called primary curves in the spine

A

thoracic and pelvic

25
Q

what two regions are called secondary curves in the spine

A

cervical and lumbar

26
Q

why are the thoracic and pelvic curves called primary curves

A

because they are present at birth

27
Q

why are the cervical and lumbar curves called secondary curves

A

because they develop after birth

28
Q

what is the name of first cervical vertebra

A

C1 or Atlas

29
Q

what is the name of the second cervical vertebra

A

C2 or Axis

30
Q

true or false : C1 has no body

A

true

31
Q

what is clay shovelers fracture

A

fracture of the spinous process of C7 due to hyper flexion ; can happen to C7, C6, T1

32
Q

what is an odontoid fracture

A

an avulsion fracture of the odontoid tip

33
Q

what is a hangman’s fracture

A

fracture of the pars interarticularis on the pedicle of the C2 vertebra

34
Q

what is a jefferesons fracture

A

fracture of the anterior and posterior arches of the C1 vertebra

35
Q

what is spondylothesis

A

a condition in which one of the bones of the spine slips out of place onto the vertebra below it

36
Q

what is herniated nucleus pulpous

A

when the nucleus breaks through the annulus fibrosis of an intervertebral disc

37
Q

what is kyphosis

A

is a convex curving of the spine that causes a bowing of the back leading to a hunchback or slouching posture

38
Q

the cervical intervertebral foramina are seen in what view

A

oblique ; 45 degrees

39
Q

the cervical zygapophyseal joints are seen in what view

A

lateral ; 90 degrees

40
Q

the lumbar intervertebral foramina are seen in what view

A

lateral ; 90 degrees

41
Q

the lumbar zygopophyseal joints are seen in what view

A

oblique ; 45 degrees

42
Q

the vertebral column articulates with the hip bone at the

A

sacroiliac joint (SI)

43
Q

when viewed from the side, the vertebral column presents how many curves

A

4

44
Q

where is the CR for a LAT cervical spine

A

4th cervical vertebra

45
Q

one fourth of the length of the vertebral column is made up of the

A

intervertebral disks

46
Q

on which projection of the spine is the scottie dog configuration demonstrated

A

oblique projection of the lumbar spine

x-ray (8 decks)

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