spine Flashcards
how many bones are in the spinal column
33
how many true movable vertebra are there
24
how many sections are in the vertebral column
4
how many bones are in the cervical spine
7
how many bones are in the thoracic spine
12
how many bones are in the lumbar spine
5
how far does spinal canal extend
from base of the skull (medulla oblongata) to into the sacrum
what does the spinal canal contain
spinal cord and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid
what are in between the vertebrae
vertebral disks
what are vertebral disks
tough fibro-cartilaginous disks that separate typical adult vertebrae ; these cushion like disks allow flexibility and stability in the spinal column
the thoracic zygopophyseal joints are seen on what view
oblique projections ; aligned at 70 degrees to the sagittal plane
the thoracic intervertebral foramina are seen on what view
lateral projection ; aligned at 90 degrees to the sagittal plane
at what level is the vertebral prominence
C7
at what level is the jugular notch at
T2 - T3
at what level is the sternal angle at
T4
at what level is the angle of the scapula at
T7
at what level is the xiphoid tip at
T10
why is a lead strip placed on the back of the patient for a lateral Thoracic spine
absorption of scatter radiation
where is the top of the IR for AP T-spine
1 1/2 to 2 inches above shoulders
what kind of curve does the cervical region have
lordotic
what kind of curve does the thoracic region have
kyphotic
what kind of curve does the lumbar region have
lordotic
what kind of curve does the pelvic region have
kyphotic
what two regions are called primary curves in the spine
thoracic and pelvic
what two regions are called secondary curves in the spine
cervical and lumbar
why are the thoracic and pelvic curves called primary curves
because they are present at birth
why are the cervical and lumbar curves called secondary curves
because they develop after birth
what is the name of first cervical vertebra
C1 or Atlas
what is the name of the second cervical vertebra
C2 or Axis
true or false : C1 has no body
true
what is clay shovelers fracture
fracture of the spinous process of C7 due to hyper flexion ; can happen to C7, C6, T1
what is an odontoid fracture
an avulsion fracture of the odontoid tip
what is a hangman’s fracture
fracture of the pars interarticularis on the pedicle of the C2 vertebra
what is a jefferesons fracture
fracture of the anterior and posterior arches of the C1 vertebra
what is spondylothesis
a condition in which one of the bones of the spine slips out of place onto the vertebra below it
what is herniated nucleus pulpous
when the nucleus breaks through the annulus fibrosis of an intervertebral disc
what is kyphosis
is a convex curving of the spine that causes a bowing of the back leading to a hunchback or slouching posture
the cervical intervertebral foramina are seen in what view
oblique ; 45 degrees
the cervical zygapophyseal joints are seen in what view
lateral ; 90 degrees
the lumbar intervertebral foramina are seen in what view
lateral ; 90 degrees
the lumbar zygopophyseal joints are seen in what view
oblique ; 45 degrees
the vertebral column articulates with the hip bone at the
sacroiliac joint (SI)
when viewed from the side, the vertebral column presents how many curves
4
where is the CR for a LAT cervical spine
4th cervical vertebra
one fourth of the length of the vertebral column is made up of the
intervertebral disks
on which projection of the spine is the scottie dog configuration demonstrated
oblique projection of the lumbar spine
