Spine Flashcards
Name the normal curves of the spine and how abnormal curvatures are named
- Lordosis- normal sagittal plane curvature of the spine; concave posteriorly and convex anteriorly
- Kyphosis- normal sagittal curvature of the vertebral column; convex posteriorly and concave anteriorly.
What are the structures that make up the anterior elements of the spine
Intervertebral discs and the body of the vertebrae
What are the structures that make up the posterior elements of the spine
ertebral canal, pedicles, laminae, transverse processes, spinous process
Superior angle of the scapula is in line with which vertebrae
T-2
Inferior angle of the scapula is in line with which vertebrae
T-7
Last rib is in line with which vertebrae
T-12
illiac crest is in line with which vertebrae
L-4
How can you differentiate between L5 and the sacrum
By palpation of the Sacral Iliac joint junction
What are the motions of the spine
flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation
List the ROM values for cervical and thoracic/lumbar motions combined AAOS ROM
~ Cervical spine
- flexion = 45°
- extension = 45°
- right lateral flexion = 45°
- right rotation = 60°
thoracic and lumbar spine AAOS ROM
- flexion = 80 °
- extension = 25°
- right lateral flexion = 35°
- right rotation = 45°
What is the unique motion of the atlanto-axial joint
The atlanto-axial joint is responsible for about half of c/s rotation ROM. Facets of the axis (C-2) allow for the ring shaped atlas (C-1) to rotate 45°
What are the functions of the spine
- protection of the spinal cord
- providing stiffening for the body and attachment for the pectoral and pelvic girdle and many other muscles
- providing motion for the human skeleton
- transmitting body weight in walking and standing
What is the specific function of the intervertebral foramen
-Form a passageway for nerve roots entering or exiting the vertebral column
What is the specific function of the transverse process and lamina
- muscle attachment and rib articulation.
