Speaking

Question 1

How many slips of the tongue do we have?

Answer 1

1 per 1000 words Levelt 1989

Question 2

What are slips of the tongue?

Answer 2

-Involuntary deviations in performance

Question 3

What did Wells say and when?

Answer 3

1951

Sound errors change depending on where they happen in a word

Sounds shift between lexical categories

Words exchange with members of same class

Question 4

What are the two types of slips of the tongue?

Answer 4

Selection errors and programming errors

Question 5

What are the 4 selection errors?

Answer 5

• Word substitution, from same class or semantically related
• Malapropism
  Misuse of word, unaware of error, trying to better style

eg. pineapple and pinnacle
- Environmental contamination
eg. Put the baby out, she’s barking (feeding baby, dog barking)

• Blends
  eg. Brunch or Smog

Question 6

What are the 3 types of programming errors?

Answer 6

• Anticipation, uttering something too early
• Perseveration, hanging onto something too long
  eg. Gave the goy/boy
• Transposition, reversal error
  eg. Par Cark

Question 7

What are the units of the program?

Answer 7

Phrases
Words
Syllables
Phonetic segment
Phonetic features

Question 8

What are the elements of the psycholinguistic model?

Answer 8

Meaning, syntactic outline, select content words, add everything else, articulate plan

Question 9

What is the evidence for the psycholinguistic model shown by slips of the tongue?

Answer 9

• order of steps present even when mistake is made

- No random word order, words still put into place of similar semantic field of same word class

Question 10

How do we self monitor when speaking?

Answer 10

Is the message correct, am I clear, appropriate words and repair