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Geography > Southwest Asia and North Africa > Flashcards

Southwest Asia and North Africa Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a region?

A

A group of lands with commonalities

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2
Q

Which three continents meet in the SWANA region?

A

Africa, Europe, Asia

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3
Q

What are the three religions that originate here?

A

Christianity, Islam, and Judaism

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4
Q

What are the two civilizations that originated here?

A

Mesopotamia and River Nile

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5
Q

What are characteristics of the Dry World

A

Aridity, Saharan and Arabian desert, and water as a cash commodity

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6
Q

Why do Nile Valley states have an advantage?

A

Concentration of water in the region

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7
Q

What are the issues with the “Middle East”

A

Bias of the western world that doesn’t account for Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Iran that are part of the region

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8
Q

Why does the West refer to the region as the “Middle East”

A

Turkey is near east, Japan and China are far east, so this must be the Middle East

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9
Q

What are the issues with the “Arab word”

A

It suggests ethnic and linguistic uniformity, but Arabic is not always the dominant language

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10
Q

Which countries do not speak Arabic? What languages do they speak?

A

Turkey (Turkic), Iran(Fasi), and Israel(Hebrew)

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11
Q

What are the issues with the “Islamic World”

A

It is not only the origin of Islam and many countries outside of the region practice Islam

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12
Q

Which country has the largest Islamic population? Why is this interesting?

A

Indonesia; they are not in the SWANA region

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13
Q

Which country did Suddan Hussein attack that started the first Gulf War?

A

Kuwait

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14
Q

What is similar about all of the early civilizations in Africa?

A

All lay around the Equator; latitudes 20-40

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15
Q

Where was the Mesopotamian civilization?

A

The land between the Tigris and Euphrates

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16
Q

For two centuries, what was the world’s biggest city?

A

Babylon of Mesopotamia

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17
Q

What were the innovations of the Egypt and Nile Valley civilizations?

A

Irrigation/Agriculture, Stone monuments and tombs, and crops/animal domestication

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18
Q

What were the major impacts of early civilizations?

A

Calendars, math, and engineering

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19
Q

How many times each day does a follower of Islam pray formally?

A

Five

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20
Q

What are the two dominant religions of Islam?

A

Shiite(Shia) and Sunnis

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21
Q

What is the distinguishing factor between Sects of Islam?

A

The secession of power or election of leaders

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22
Q

How do the Shias beleive power must move?

A

Through the blood of Muhammed

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23
Q

Which countries have a Shia majority population?

A

Iraq and Iran

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24
Q

How does power move in Sunni countrie?

A

Through the election of leaders

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25
Q

What are the immplications of the clashing sects?

A

Power struggles and civil wars

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26
Q

Which communities do proponents of Islam try to submerge?

A

Jewish

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27
Q

What led to the civil wars in Lebanon?

A

Strain on the christian minorities from the Islamic majority

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28
Q

When did Egypt nationalize the Suez Canal?

A

1956

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29
Q

When was the Six Days War?

A

1967

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30
Q

When was Yom Kipper?

A

1973

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31
Q

When was the Lebanon War?

A

1982

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32
Q

Which empire was present day Turkey?

A

Ottoman Empire

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33
Q

Which territories did the Ottoman Empire Possess?

A

Vienna, Persia, SE Europe, and North Africa

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34
Q

Which countries were not colonized?

A

Turkey, Iran, and Saudi Arabia

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35
Q

Which country did Ben Ali rule for 24 years?

A

Tunisia

36
Q

Which country did Marabarak rule for 30 years?

A

Egypt

37
Q

Which county did Gaddai rile for 42 years?

A

Libya

38
Q

Which country did Abdullah Salzeh rule for 34 years?

A

Yemen

39
Q

Which countries had Islamic Monarchies

A

Saudi Arabia and Qatar

40
Q

Which countries had Secular Monarchies?

A

Jordan and Yemen

41
Q

Which countries had Secular Republics?

A

Iran and Afghanistan

42
Q

Why is the Suez Canal important?

A

It links the Medditeranean to the Red Sea… Only passage from the Indian Sea to the Atlantic Ocean

43
Q

What are the characteristics of the Egypt and Lower Nile region?

A

Center of SWANA, most populous, Egypt is the only African country with a foothold in Asia

44
Q

What are the geographic features of Egypt and the Lower Nile region?

A

Sinai Peninsula and the Suez Canal

45
Q

Greater than 90% of the population lives how far away from the Nile?

A

Just 12 miles

46
Q

What are the linguistic features of the Maghreb region?

A

Berber and Arabic

47
Q

Which countries are part of the Maghreb region?

A

Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya

48
Q

Which Maghreb country is a French protectorate?

A

Morocco

49
Q

Which Maghreb country was a French Colony with oil and gas reserves?

A

Algeria

50
Q

Which country, the smallest of the Maghreb, was the hearth of Arab Spring?

A

Tunisia

51
Q

Which country did NATO help to oust Gaddafi?

A

Libya

52
Q

Which countries are part of the Middle East Proper?

A

Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine

53
Q

Which country is 60% of the ME Proper?

A

Iraq

54
Q

Which rivers run through Iraq?

A

Tigris and Euphrates

55
Q

Why is there divisions in Syria?

A

Shiite ruling, but 75% Sunnis majority

56
Q

Which country has a 2:1 majority Palestinian population?

A

Jordan

57
Q

Which country relies on Israel for its Medditeranean window?

A

Jordan

58
Q

This country has a 50/50 Muslim/Christian divide and has a strong infrastructure for banking

A

Lebanon

59
Q

Where is the Jewish state in the center of the world?

A

Israel/Palestine

60
Q

Which country is the #1 receiver of U.S. financial aid?

A

Israel; Egypt follows

61
Q

Which groups does Israel conflict with?

A

Palestine, Hamas, and PLO

62
Q

Which countries are on the Arabian Peninsula?

A

Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, UAE, Oman, and Yemen

63
Q

Which country has the world largest petroleum reserves?

A

Saudi Arabia; 1/5 of the world’s

64
Q

What are the geographic features of Saudi Arabia?

A

Persian Gulf and Arabian Desert

65
Q

What are the social characteristics of Kuwait?

A

80% working population is foreign; progressive social policies

66
Q

Where is Kuwait?

A

Top of the Persian Gulf

67
Q

Which country was unaffected by the 2011 Arab Spring?

A

Qatar

68
Q

What is the capitol of Qatar?

A

Doha

69
Q

Does Qatar have a Sunni or Shia majority?

A

Sunni

70
Q

How many Emirates are part of the UAE?

A

7

71
Q

How is the UAE structured?

A

7 Sheikhs rule their respective territories individually; they come together to form a Supreme Council of Rulers

72
Q

What is the capital of UAE?

A

Abu Dhabi

73
Q

Which country is Dubai located within?

A

UAE

74
Q

What is the capital of Oman?

A

MUSCAT

75
Q

What is unique about Oman?

A

Relatively stable; friendlier to tourists

76
Q

Why is Yemen so conflicted?

A

The Islamic divide is close; 53% Sunni and 45% Shiite

77
Q

Which countries are the former Empire States?

A

Turkey (Ottomans) and Iran (Persians)

78
Q

What is the capital of Turkey?

A

Ankara

79
Q

Why won’t the EU allow Turkey membership?

A

Maltreatment of HR; particularly the Kurds

80
Q

Iran is the sworn enemy of which country?

A

Israel

81
Q

What are the 3 zones of Oil?

A

North Africa, Persian Gulf, and Capsian Sea

82
Q

Which countries do not have oil reserves?

A

Jordan, Lebanon, Israel, Cyprus, West Bank (Palestine)

83
Q

What is the population to oil ration for the SWANA region?

A

7% population to 61% World’s Oil

84
Q

Which countries have resulted in higher incomes from oil

A

Qatar, UAE, and Saudi Arabia

85
Q

What is the Islamic Fund?

A

The protection of traditional Islamic values and faith by opposing secular and western influences

86
Q

What are three of the resistance groups that violently oppose western traditions?

A

Taliban, Al Qaeda, and ISIS

Geography (4 decks)

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