S.O.P

Question 1

Separation of Powers

Answer 1

-Ensures power is spread equally between Congress, President and Judiciary
*key intention is to prevent tyranny and abuse of power from any branch

Question 2

Checks & Balances

Answer 2

-Building on the intention of separation of powers (prevent tyranny and abuse of power)
-FF gave each branch number of ways to limit eachother which leads to power being balanced and effective

Question 3

President Checks on Congress

Answer 3

State of Union
-President recommends legislation to Congress
“2023 Biden implored Congress to pass policing reform and immigration legislation and codify abortion rights”

Power to Veto
-President has the power to veto bills passed by Congress
“Biden has vetoed 10 bills so far, one being in 2023, a bill that would’ve blocked his Student loan forgiveness program”

Question 4

President checks on Judiciary

Answer 4

-President nominates all federal judges including those in S.C. when there is a vacancy, can shape the court how they want
“Trump made 3 appointments to the S.C. all 3 being conservatives

Presidential Pardons
-allow the president to pardon and forgive individuals for a federal crime
“Obama pardoned over 1000 individuals on drug charges

Question 5

Congress checks on Juidicary

Answer 5

-Congress has power to confirm/ reject nominations to judicary
“Senate failed to appoint Obamas S.C. nomination of MG”

-Congress can impeach federal judges

-Can propose amendments to the constitution

Question 6

S.C. checks on President

Answer 6

-power of judicial review to declare act of any member in executive as unconstitutional
“2017 S.C. stopped Trumps executive order banning entry to US from 8 muslim countries”

Question 7

S.C. checks on Congress

Answer 7

-Judicial Review, declare laws passed by congress unconstitutional
“ In US v Windsor 2013, S.C. declared defence of marriage act 1996 unconstitutional for not offering equal protection to gay and straight couples which resulted in gay marriage being legalised

Question 8

Congress checks on President

Answer 8

-Veto override
2/3 supermajority in both house to overturn a veto by the president
(very rare but happened to Trump in 2021, overrode trumps veto to National Defence authorisation act)

-Declare war
President needs congress approval to declare war (congress approval was granted to bring troops in Iraq)

-Approve presidential appointments (Garland)