Some Drugs which May be encountered in Therapy

Question 1

Benzodizepines (diazepam) does what at low doses

Answer 1

(Sedative) handles anxiety

Question 2

Opiod analgesics (morphine) does what at low doses

Answer 2

(Sedative) handles pain

Question 3

Propofol us useful …

Answer 3

(Sedative) rapid awakening

Question 4

Neuroleptics (haldoperidol) Tx what

Answer 4

(Sedative) Tx agitation

Question 5

Barbituates are used when…

Answer 5

(Sedative) pt is not responding to/ or tolerating other agents.

Question 6

What do you call the med dose given for establishing a therapeutic level of the medication

Answer 6

Loading Dose

Question 7

Def Maintenance dose

Answer 7

amount of the drug needed to maintain a desired level in bloodstream

Question 8

What do you call the time needed for a medication to become effective

Answer 8

Onset

Question 9

What do you call the length of time the drug is effective

Answer 9

Duration

Question 10

What are Vasopressors do

Answer 10

maintain MAP & organ perfusion; blood vessel constriction–>Increases BP

Question 11

Your 1pm pt, Faith, has sepsis, septic shock, and CHF. What general pharmacuticals do you suspect her to be on.

Answer 11

Vasopressors (NE, epinephrine, dopamine, ephedrine, metaraminol)

Question 12

What 2 drugs are considered Ionotropes & what do they influence.

Answer 12

Digoxin, digitalis; influence cardiac mm contraction; used to increase BP esp w/ positional changes; influence end organ perfusion & blood circulation.

Question 13

Faith is taking Ionotropes. 1) What do you monitor 2) what are you cautious with esp w/ heart pts 3) when do you stop tx

Answer 13

1) monitor urine output
2) carful not to overexert pt (esp heart pt)
3) sudden changes in HR/ arrhythmias

Question 14

[Based on Classmates Presentations of Digoxin] What is the 1) mechanism, 2) effect on heart, 3) Side Effects

Answer 14

[digoxin] 1) increase intracellular Ca levels 2)increase actin & myosin–> stronger myocardial contraction 3) Toxicity

Question 15

Prednisone, Dexamethasone, Hydrocortisone are all under what category of drugs. These can also be used to tx underlying cause of respiratory failure.

Answer 15

Coricosteroids

Question 16

Side effects for corticosteroids

Answer 16

mm atrophy, osteopenia, wt gain, alterations in mood

Question 17

Lyrica is used for 1) what 2 conditions. 2) What are the side effects

Answer 17

1) Diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia

2) heart failure, difficulty walking, Lymphedema

Question 18

Atenolol, propranolol are what type of drugs; What is the affect on HR & BP.

Answer 18

Beta Block; lowers resting HR & BP

Question 19

For pt on B-blockers what happens to their 1)blunted HR & systolic BP w/ activity 2)max HR 3) initial exercise test

Answer 19

1) blunted HR & systolic BP rise w/ activity
2) cant reach predicted max HR
3) perform FULL initial exercise test

Question 20

Bumex, Lasix, & HCTZ are all what type of drugs. What do they do.

Answer 20

Diuretics; Deplete volume (im assuming thats decreasing liquids from body)

Question 21

Faith is taking Lasix, What are you cautious about when tx her.

Answer 21

Diuretics can affect electrolytes–> arrhythmias, dizziness, mm cramps

Question 22

Verapamil, Cardiezem, Procardia are all what type of drug. What do they do to 1) impulse/conduction velocity 2) mechanical contraction of myocardium

Answer 22

Ca Channel blockers; 1)depress 2)depress

Question 23

What are side effects of Verapamil?

Answer 23

hypotension, reflex tachycardia, palpitations, peripheral edema

Question 24

Based on Lecture notes, Digoxin is considered under 2 drug categories. What are they.

Answer 24

Ionotropes & Cardiac glycosides

Question 25

Hilary, who has renal dysfunction, is taking Digoxin for her heart. What are you concerned with. What are the Side Effects (based on Class presentations)

Answer 25

Pt’s with renal dysfunction will often develop toxicity.

Loss of appetite, fatigue, confusion, depression, blurred vision

Question 26

Paxil, Zoloft, Prozac are what type of drug. What are side effects.

Answer 26

Anti-depressants; Can case HTN & tachycardia

Question 27

Isordil, sorbitrate, transderm NTG are all what type of drug. What are side effects. Hint. Acts as a vasodilator

Answer 27

Nitrates; orthostasis, HA, nausea, tachycardia, heart palpitation, chest pain, nasal congestion, loss of consciousness, vomitting, dizziness, flushing,