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ANAPHY LAB > SOMATIC SENSES > Flashcards

SOMATIC SENSES Flashcards

1
Q

sensitive to light

A

photoreceptors

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2
Q

sensitive to certain chemicals

A

chemoreceptors

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3
Q

sensitive to mechanical changes

A

mechanoreceptors

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4
Q

senses located in the skin

A

exteroceptors

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5
Q

senses located in the muscle

A

proprioceptors

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6
Q

senses located in the deeper tissues

A

visceroceptors

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7
Q

what are the 2 major groups of sensory receptors?

A

somatic and special senses

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8
Q

what type of sense elaborate sensory organs such as the eye or the ear?

A

special senses

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9
Q

what type of sense involves less elaborate sensory mechanisms, often just single receptors embedded in skin or muscle tissue

A

somatic senses

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10
Q

these are somatic senses that are mediated by exteroceptors

A

cutaneous senses

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11
Q

what somatic sense is responsible for sensitivity to touch, pressure, heat, cold, vibration?

A

cutaneous senses

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12
Q

________________ are thought to outnumber heat receptors

A

cold receptors

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13
Q

“temperature receptors”

A

thermoreceptors

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14
Q

also known “muscle sense”

A

proprioception

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15
Q

it is the ability to sense the contraction or tension of a muscle organ

A

proprioception

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16
Q

what do u call the stretch receptors

A

muscle spindles & golgi tendon organs

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17
Q

receptors responsible for sensation of smell and taste

A

chemoreceptors

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18
Q

chemoreceptors detect molecules called _____________

A

odorants

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19
Q

olfaction

A

smell

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20
Q

gustatory sense

A

taste

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21
Q

olfactory sense is mediated by a type of chemoreceptor called ___________?

A

odorant receptor

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22
Q

the odorant receptors are positioned in the cell membrane of the olfactory receptor cells, which are found in the patch of mucuous membrane called __________?

A

olfactory epithelium

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23
Q

where does the olfactory epithelium located?

A

upper third of the nasal cavity

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24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Olfactory cells possess hair-like cilia that detect the presence of odorants

A

TRUENESS!

25
Q

what are the 5 modalities of sense of taste

A

salt, sweet, sour, bitter, umami (glutamate)

26
Q

what is umami?

A

savory or meaty flavors

27
Q

what is the receptor organ that mediate taste sensations

A

taste buds

28
Q

where are taste buds found?

A

sides of the papillae of the tongue

29
Q

When you eat or drink, molecules from the food dissolve in saliva and interact with ___________The chemical signals are then sent to the brain, allowing you to perceive taste (sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami).

A

gustatory hairs

30
Q

what are tastants?

A

chemical substances that trigger the sensation of taste

31
Q

these are chemical substances that trigger the sensation of taste

A

tastants

32
Q

these are complex sensory organs located on each side of the skull (within each temporal bone)

A

ears

33
Q

ear has 3 special senses, what are these?

A

hearing
static equilibrium
dynamic equilibrium

34
Q

what are the components of external ear?

A

auricle
external auditory meatus
tympanic membrane

35
Q

the external flap that protects the auditory opening and directs sound waves toward it. acts as a “radiator” in thermoregulation

A

Auricle (Pinna)

36
Q

tube-like passage carries airborne soundwaves into the ear canal

A

external auditory meatus

37
Q

a.k.a eardrum. it covers the end of the external auditory meatus to form boundary within the middle ear. it vibrates when struck by airborne sound waves, carrying the sound into the middle ear

A

tympanic membrane

38
Q

air-filled cavity lined with mucous membrane

A

middle ear

39
Q

It is part of the middle ear that is also known as “hammer”. tiny club-shaped bone attached to eardrum. It vibrates when sound pass to it from the eardrum

A

malleus

40
Q

It is part of the middle ear that is also known as “Anvil”. This tiny bone forms a synovial joint with malleus. It vibrates when it receives energy from malleus

A

Incus

41
Q

It is part of the middle ear that is also known as “stirrup”. It is joined to the incus. Sound waves are carried from the tympanic membrane to the oval window.

A

Stapes

42
Q

This is a collapsible tube running between the middle ear and the pharynx. It allows internal pressure to equalize with atm

A

auditory (eustachian) tube

43
Q

It is the third division of the ear apparatus

A

inner ear

44
Q

a maze-like bony labyrinth contains?

A

membranous labyrinth

45
Q

It is the fluid inside the membranous labyrinth

A

endolymph

46
Q

it is the fluid around the outside of the membranous labyrinth

A

perilymph

47
Q

This is a long passage coiled like a snail/ spiral-shaped organ that is responsible for converting sound vibrations into neural signals that are sent to the brain for interpretation.

A

cochlea

48
Q

It is responsible for detecting changes in the position of the head relative to gravity, which helps in maintaining balance and spatial orientation.

A

Vestibule

49
Q

These are responsible for detecting rotational movements of the head. They help us maintain balance when we move our heads in different directions.

A

semicircular canals

50
Q

Hearing, the ability to detect range of sound _________ and ___________

A

frequencies and intensities

51
Q

allows you to determine your position relative to a center of gravity

A

static equilibrium

52
Q

This sense of ___________ gives information regarding the speed and direction of body motion

A

kinetic/ dynamic equilibrium

53
Q

It is a hearing test that blocks sound waves as they are conducted through the external and middle ear to the sensory areas of the inner ear

A

Conduction Impairment

54
Q

It implies insensitivity to sound because of inherited or acquired nerve damage

A

Nerve impairment

55
Q

This hearing test compares air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC) of sound to help determine if hearing loss is due to a problem in the outer or middle ear or in the inner ear or nerve pathways

A

Rinne Test

56
Q

This hearing test helps to determine whether the hearing loss is unilateral (in one ear) and whether it is conductive or sensorineural in nature.

A

Weber test

57
Q

Focuses on balance and proprioception. It is simpler, requiring the patient to stand with eyes closed and observe for instability.

A

Romberg

58
Q
A

ANAPHY LAB (2 decks)

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