Software Development Flashcards

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1
Q

What is assignment

A

(Process)
Give a value to a variable

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2
Q

What is a selection statement

A

A section of code that is run only if a condition is met
(If statements)

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3
Q

Logical Operators

A

AND , OR , NOT

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4
Q

Define iteration

A

Means to repeat something

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5
Q

Standard Algorithms

A

Input Validation:
(While loops, conditional loops)

Running Total:
Adding something within the loop

Traversing an Array:
When you loop through every item in an array

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6
Q

Concatenation

A

Joining variables within strings

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7
Q

Fixed loop

A

The number of loops is predetermined

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8
Q

Normal test

A

Input Something the programe accepts

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9
Q

Exceptional test data

A

Input something the programe doesn’t expect

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10
Q

Extreme test data

A

Highest or lowest values that the program accepts

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11
Q

Data types

A

String, character, real, boolean, integer

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12
Q

Logic error

A

Program runs but there is a processing/calculation error

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13
Q

Syntax error

A

Something wrong in the code

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14
Q

Exceptional error

A

The program doesnt know how to compute with the input

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15
Q

Define an Array

A

A record structure that can store multiple variables of the same type

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16
Q

Pre-defined functions

A

Random, length, round

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17
Q

How to make code more readable

A

Meaningful variable names
White space
Indentation
Internal commentry

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18
Q

Design notations

A

Wireframes
Structured diagram
Psuedocode
Python

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19
Q

Code for fixed loop

A

For i in range( ):

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20
Q

Code for conditional loops

A

While number >=12:

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21
Q

Code for random

A

Import random
Variable=random.randint(1,100)

22
Q

Code for rounding

A

Cost = 12.67
Cost = round(cost,1)

23
Q

Code for length with conditional loop

A

While len(variable) <8:

24
Q

How to add to an array

A

array.append(“value”)

25
Q

How to traverse an array

A

For i in range(len(array)):

26
Q

What is the mantissa?

A

The number after the 0.

27
Q

What is the exponent

A

The small number that means to the power of…

28
Q

What is ASCII

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

29
Q

How many bits are in a byte

A

8

30
Q

What are Bitmap graphics used for

A

Creating realistic images

31
Q

What is a bitmap

A

An image made up of really small dots called pixels

32
Q

Advantages / disadvantages of bitmaps

A

Advantages: create
realistic images, individual pixels can be edited

Disadvantages:
large file size, lose quality when scaled up

33
Q

Vector graphs are…

A

Made up of Objects and are for creating unrealistic objects like cartoons

34
Q

Objects that can be manipulated
(Vector graphs)

A

Rectangle,
Ellipse
Line
Polygon

35
Q

Attributes of the objects

A

Fill colour,
Line colour
Coordinates

36
Q

Vectors advantages, disadvantages

A

Advantages:
Small file size, dont lose quality when upscaled, can layer objects

Disadvantages:
Not good for realism

37
Q

Security precautions

A

Firewalls
Encryption

38
Q

Define encryption

A

The scrambling of data

39
Q

Define firewalls

A

Prevents unauthorised access to your computer

40
Q

CPU Main parts

A

Processor
Memory
Buses

41
Q

Processor main parts

A

Control Unit
Arithmatic Logic Unit
Registers

42
Q

ALU Function

A

Does math
Performs logical decisions like: AND, OR, NOT

43
Q

Contrl Unit Function

A

Responsible for fetching and execution of program instructions

44
Q

Registers function

A

Temporary data storage location

45
Q

What is RAM

A

Made up of unique address locations

46
Q

Buses function

A

Trandferring info between the computer system

47
Q

Data bus function

A

Goes both directions

48
Q

Adress bus function

A

Goes 1 way
Holds the addresses of the memory locations currently being accessed

49
Q

Complier advantages and disadvantages

A

Adavntages:
Runs faster, if no errors are found then the program doesnt need to be translated again

Disadvantages:
If there is an error the program will not run,
Errors are harder to correct

50
Q

Interpreter advantages and disadvantages

A

Adv.
Errors identified immediately,
Runs code until it finds an error

Dis.
Uses up RAM and processor time
Slower