Smith Flashcards
In breast cancer, expression of several cyclins is increased as a result of gene amplification of chromosomal translocation. What is the most likely explanation for why this would lead to cancer?
This would lead to hyperphosphorylation of Rb, leading to cell proliferation
What is NOT a common signaling molecule that tells cells when to grow and divide?
Protein Tyrosine Kinase
What is a common receptor molecule that growth factors bind to?
Protein Tyrosine Kinase
When a growth factor binds to its receptor molecule, a common sequence of events is:
“OACRA” = Oligomerization of the receptor; activationn of the receptor; creation of docking sites; recruitment and activation of signaling enzymes
What is most likely to activate cell proliferation via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway?
PDGF
A mutation in Ras that causes it to be constitutively active would likely lead to ….
Tumor formation
Which is not a descriptor of p53? a0 monitors for DNA damage b) it is a tumor suppressor gene c) it is an oncogene d)can trigger apoptosis
IT IS AN ONCOGENE (cos p53 is NOT an oncogene…it is a tumor suppressor that monitors DNA damage and can trigger apoptosis)
Heredity forms of the human cancer retinoblastoma differ from non-heredity forms in that patients with the heredity form …..
Were born with a deletion or loss of function of one copy of the Rb gene
The _____ protein promotes activation of Ras while the _____ protein inactivates it.
Sos/GAP
One difference between the PDGF receptor and the cytokine receptor pathway is that ….
The PDGF receptor has PTK activity while the cytokine receptors do not
What element is mutated constitutively active form in 30 percent of all cancers?
Ras
Describe the role of Bcl-2
It promotes cell survival by preventing activation of capsases
