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► Med - Anatomy & Physiology > Skull > Flashcards

Skull Flashcards

1
Q

The cranium is formed by how many bones?

A

22

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2
Q

The neurocranium consists of the dome-shaped ___ (skullcap) and the basal plate called ___.

A

calvaria; basicranium

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3
Q

Viscerocranium is formed from the skeleton of the ___ ___

A

pharyngeal arches

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4
Q

The neurocranium is mainly derived from ossified ___ from the neural crest

A

mesenchyme

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5
Q

Skull bones are mostly formed through ____ ossification

A

membranous

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6
Q

Bones forming the calvaria consist of the outer layers of dense bone with the spongy bone sandwiched in between the dense cortical bone. The spongy bone is known as what? What does it contain?

A

diploe; contains large venous channels that communicate with veins of the scalp and venous channels inside the skull

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7
Q

The bones of the skull are connected by fibrous interlocking ___ but during childhood some basicranial bones such as occipital and sphenoid are connected by ____

A

sutures; cartilage

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8
Q

This is the point on the cranium where frontonasal and internasal sutures meet

A

naison

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9
Q

This is a smooth prominence most marked in males; on frontal bones superior to root of nose between eyebrows

A

glabella

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10
Q

this is the point on calvaria at the junction of coronal and sagittal sutures

A

bregma

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11
Q

this is the superior point of neurocranium, in middle with cranium oriented in anatomical plane

A

vertex

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12
Q

this is the point on calvaria at junction of lambdoid and sagittal sutures

A

lambda

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13
Q

this is the junction of greater wing of sphenoid, squamous temporal, frontal, and parietal bones

A

pterion

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14
Q

this is star-shaped; located at junction of three sutures: pariestomastoid, occipitomastoid, and lambdoid

A

asterion

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15
Q

this is the most prominent point of external occipital protuberance

A

inion

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16
Q

_____ are “soft spots” on head present in neonates and are clinically important

A

fontanelles

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17
Q

The large flat squamous part of this bone forms the skeleton of the forehead

A

frontal bone

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18
Q

____ form the upper jaw. The two bones are united at the inter maxillary suture

A

maxillae

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19
Q

These bones (both sides) form the prominence of the cheeks and articulate superiorly with the frontal bones, inferiorly with the maxillae, and posteriorly with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

A

zygomatic bones

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20
Q

The orbital part of the ___ bone forms the roof of the orbit. The orbital process of the ___ bone forms the floor of the orbit.

A

frontal; maxillary

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21
Q

Maxillae form most of the ____ aperture, which serves as an opening for the nasal cavity. The aperture is divided into two halves by the ___ ___.

A

piriform; nasal septum

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22
Q

The nasal septum is formed by the ___ ___ of the maxillae

A

nasal crests

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23
Q

On the lateral side of the nasal cavity are curved bony plates called what?

A

nasal conchae

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24
Q

The maxillary sinus is a large pyramid-shaped space in the maxillary bone that drains into the ___ ___ of the nose

A

middle meatus

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25
Q

___ bones form the superior border of the piriform aperture

A

nasal

26
Q

___ bones form the medial wall of the orbit

A

lacrimal

27
Q

The alveolar process on the body of the mandible contains the mandibular ____

A

teeth

28
Q

In regards to the body of the mandible, the mental foramina for the mental nerves and vessels are located inferior to what?

A

the second premolar teeth

29
Q

The rams of the mandible (vertical part) has two processes, the condylar and coronoid separated by the ___ ___. Below this on the medial side of the ramus is the mandibular foramen which leads into the mandibular canal that contains the ___ ___ nerve.

A

mandibular notch; inferior alveolar

30
Q

The ___ process forms the condyle for the articulation with the temporal bone through the TMJ

A

condylar

31
Q

The ____ process serves for the attachment of the temporalis muscle

A

coronoid

32
Q

The medial wall of the orbit is formed by 4 bones. What are they?

A

orbital plate of ethmoid bone, frontal process of maxilla, lacrimal, and sphenoid bones

33
Q

The lateral wall of the orbit is formed anteriorly by the ____ bone and posteriorly by the ____ bone

A

zygomatic; sphenoid

34
Q

This is a horizontal fracture of the maxillae, passing superior to the maxillary alveolar process, crossing the bony nasal septum

A

Le Fort I

35
Q

This fracture passes obliquely from the posterolateral parts of the maxillary sinuses superomedially through the infra-orbital foramina, lacrimals, or ethmoids to the bridge of the nose.

A

Le Fort 2

note: as a result, the entire central part of the face, including the hard palate and alveolar processes, is separated from the rest of the cranium

36
Q

This is a horizontal fracture that passes through the orbit and the nasal bones and extends laterally though the greater wings of the sphenoid and the frontozygomatic sutures

A

Le Fort III

note: concurrent fracturing of the zygomatic arches causes the maxillae and zygomatic bones to separate from the rest of the cranium

37
Q

In the lateral view, the calvaria are formed by the ___, ___, and ___ bones

A

frontal; parietal; and occipital

38
Q

The frontal bone articulates with the parietal bones through the ___ suture

A

coronal

39
Q

The parietal bones articulate with each other through the ___ suture, whose junction with the coronal suture is the ____

A

sagittal; bregma

40
Q

Parietal bones articulate with the occipital bone though the ____ suture, whose junction with the sagittal suture is the ____

A

lambdoid; lambda

41
Q

In regards to the temporal bone, the ___ process projects laterally and anteriorly. It articulates with the zygomatic bone to form the zygomatic arch

A

zygomatic

42
Q

In regards to the temporal bone, this part forms the external acoustic meatus, which opens laterally

A

tympanic part

43
Q

In regards to the temporal bone, this part forms a large ventral projection, the mastoid process, which serves for the attachment of important musculature including the sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

mastoid part

44
Q

In regards to the temporal bone, this sharp needle-like ventral projection serves for the attachment of musculature and ligaments

A

styloid process

45
Q

The scams part of the occipital bone forms most of the ____

A

ociput

46
Q

The junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures is the ___

A

bregma

47
Q

The ___ ___ is formed by the palatine process of the maxillae anteriorly and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones posteriorly. Its posterior boundary is formed by the ___, or the posterior nasal apertures

A

hard palate; choanae

48
Q

The incisive foramina are located in the incisive fossa and allow communication between what?

A

the hard palate and nasal cavity

49
Q

The greater and lesser palatine foramina allow for the passage of what?

A

the descending palatine artery and vein and greater and lesser palatine nerves into the oral cavity

50
Q

This bone forms the posteroinferior aspect of the bony nasal septum

A

vomer

51
Q

This bone is an irregular, unpaired bone that consists of a body and three pairs of processes: greater wings, lesser wings, and ptrerygoid processes.

A

sphenoid

52
Q

In regards to the sphenoid, this is large and found posteriolateral to the ptyerygoid process. Its for the passage of CN V3 (mandibular nerve), lesser petrosal nerve, and accessory meningeal artery

A

Foramen ovale

53
Q

In regards to the sphenoid, this is found posteriolateral to the f. ovale and serves as the passage for the MMA

A

foramen spinosum

54
Q

The petrous part of the temporal bone is wedged between the ___ and ___ bones

A

sphenoid; occipital

note: at the medial point of junction of these three bones is an irregular opening, which in life is filled with cartilage, called foramen lacerum

55
Q

The groove for the cartilaginous part of the pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube lies between what?

A

the sphenoid and petrous part of the temporal bone

56
Q

this is a notch between the petrous portion and the basilar part of the occipital. Cranial nerves CN IX, CN X, CN XI, as well as the internal jugular vein pass through it

A

jugular foramen

57
Q

The mandibular fossa is located within the ventral part of the ___ portion of the temporal bone

A

squamos

58
Q

This is located posterior to the base of the styloid process and allows for the passage of the facial nerve and sylomastoid artery

A

sylomastoid foramen

59
Q

The most prominent feature of the occipital bone is the ___ ___, which is the largest foramen in the skull, for spinal cord with accompanying structures

A

foramen magnum

60
Q

This part of the occipital bone forms the anterior border of the formate magnum

A

basilar part

61
Q

The lateral parts of the occipital bone form prominent occipital condyles for articulation with the ___

A

atlas

► Med - Anatomy & Physiology (130 decks)

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