Skeletal System

Question 1

functions of bones

Answer 1

1. support body
2. protect soft organs
3. blood cell formation
4. store minerals and fats
5. allow movement due to attached muscles

Question 2

adult bones

Answer 2

206 ; 2 types

1. compact bones (dense and smooth)
2. spongy ( small needle like pieces, many open spaces

Question 3

arteries

Answer 3

supply bone with nutrients

Question 4

yellow marrow

Answer 4

stores fat in adults.

fin red marrow here in children

Question 5

red marrow

Answer 5

found in the cavities in the spongy bone or flat bones in adult

Question 6

2 divisions of bones

Answer 6

1. axial skeleton

2. appendicular “

Question 7

The axial skeleton,

Answer 7

consisting of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cages

Question 8

The appendicular skeleton,

Answer 8

consisting of the bones of the upper and lower limbs, and the girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton.

Question 9

long bones

Answer 9

longer then wide
definite shaft and two ends
consisit of limb bones except patellas, carpals and tarsals

Question 10

short bones

Answer 10

bones are somewhat

cube-shaped and include the carpals and tarsals.

Question 11

Flat bones

Answer 11

are thin, flattened,

often curved bones that include most skull bones, the sternum, scapulae, and ribs.

Question 12

Irregular bones

Answer 12

have complicated shapes that do not fit in any other class, such as the vertebrae and coxae.

Question 13

joints

Answer 13

function: hold bones together, allow for mobility

Question 14

osteoarthritis,

Answer 14

• Most common
chronic arthritis
• Cartilage on bone
wears down
• related to aging
• Wear and tear arthritis
• More women than men
• Bony spurs
• Exacerbated by excess weight and injury
• Causes stiffness and pain
• Treated with heat, analgaesia
• May require aids ie walker

Question 15

rheumatoid

Answer 15

• An autoimmune disease
• Chronic inflammation of synovial membrane
• Can also affect other body organs and tissues
• Periods of remission and exacerbation
• Often in women of childbearing age
• Muscle weakness, malaise, aches, loss of appetite, fatigue
• Treated with anti-inflammatories, analgesia

Question 16

arthritis,

Answer 16

inflammatory or degenerative diseases
of joints. 
Over 100 different types
• Pain, stiffness and swelling of joint
• Acute: bacterial invasion
• Chronic: Osteoarthritis,
rheumatoid arthritis

Question 17

osteoporosis

Answer 17

occurs when bones lose minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, more quickly than the body can replace them, causing a loss of bone thickness (bone density or
mass). Bones affected by this disease become brittle, porous and abnormally prone to fracture

Risk factors: Mild but prolonged lack of calcium due to poor dietary intake, Sedentary lifestyle, Post menopausal women, Aging