Skeletal System Flashcards
what are the 4 functions of the skeletal system
shape and support
protection
blood protection
movement
briefly describe shape and support
bones form framework to support your body and the different lengths and thickness of the bones determine the shape
briefly describe protection
surrounds the areas that are delicate and could get damaged (skull protects brain)
briefly describe movement
muscles are firmly attached to your skeleton. muscles work by contracting and pulling on your bones to make them move
briefly describe blood protection
bones make blood cells in the marrow cavity and spongey bone. these cells are then used to transport gases around the body
what are the 4 types of bones
long bones
short bones
flat bones
irregular bones
what are long bones
bones in upper and lower arms and legs, the collar bone,the ribs, the metacarpals. these act as levers for large movements
what are short bones
carpals
wrist
tarsals of feet
provide movement where it is needed in lots of directions but also give stength
what are flat bones
scapula
pelvis
cranium
protect delicate organs and give big surface area for muscle attachment
what are irregular bones
vertabrae
protect and provide support
difference between cartilage, ligament and tendon
cartilage- smooth +slippery connective tissue that protects the ends of the bone where it meets other bones and stops them rubbing together
Ligament- connective tissue that connect bone to bone
Tendon- connective tissue that connect muscle to bone
name 3 different types of joints and give an example of each
fixed or immobile- cannot move at all (skull joints)
Slightly movable joints- can only move a little (joints between ribs or vertebrae)
synovial joints- bones are freely moveable (elbow, hips,shoulder)
what are the 4 different types of synovial joints
ball and socket
hinge joint
pivot joint
gliding joint
flexion
when you bend a joint and joint angle is getting smaller
extension
when we straighten a joint and joint angle is getting bigger
