Skeletal and muscular system Flashcards
1
Q
The skeleton
A
- Framework that gives the body structure
- 206 bones
- Bones connect to form joints
- Ligaments connect bones to bones
- Cartilage covers the end of bones
- Tendons attach muscle to bones
2
Q
Functions of the skeleton
A
- Shape and support
- Attatchment
- Locomotion (act as levers for muscles)
- Blood cell production
- Protection
- Mineral storage
3
Q
Types of bones
A
- Long
- Short
- Flat
- Irregular
- Sesamoid
4
Q
Factors effecting bone health
A
Age, gender, ethnicity, diet, hormones, medications, sunlight, vitamin D, calcium
5
Q
Bone formation and growth
A
- Osteoblasts: bone building cels
- Osteoclasts: bone clearing cells
- Ossification: process of bone growth
- Osteoporosis: disease leading to loss of bone mass
6
Q
Muscular system
A
Responsible for creating movement and motion and maintaining posture
7
Q
Characteristics of muscular system
A
- Excitability: Ability to receive and respond to stimuli
- Contractility: Ability to shorten
- Extensibility: Ability to be stretched/lengthened
- Elasticity: Ability to recoil and return to its starting length
8
Q
Muscle contractions
A
- Concentric: Isotonic, the muscles shorten as they contact
- Eccentric: Isotonic, the muscles lengthen as they contract
- Isometric Static, the muscles stay the same length as they contract
9
Q
Skeletal muscle group action
A
- Agonist: Muscle that creates the desired movement
- Antagonist: Relaxes during contraction of prime muscle mover
- Synergists: Assists the prime mover preventing unwanted movement
- Fixator: Stabilises the origin (joint) of the prime mover to make movement more efficient
10
Q
Effect of massage on muscular system
A
- DOMS
- Soreness and perceived recovery
- Less evidence for performance
- Strength (pre vs post)
- Greatest effect if treated within 2 hours
