Skeletal Flashcards
Name some early local complications of joint replacement
Infection, dislocation, instabirlity, fracture, nerve injury, ischaemia, DVT
Name some early general complications of joint replacement?
Hypovolaemia, shock, acute renal failure, MI, ARDS, PE, chest infection, urine infection - 0.2 % of death
Name some late local complications of joint replacement?
Loosening, infection, fracture, implant breakage, pseudotumour formation
What is Kellers procedure for?
Hallux valgus
What is a sequestrum ?
A dead fragment of bone
What is the term for new bone forming around the area of necrosis?
Involucrum
Why are children prone to osteomyseltis?
Metaphyses of long bones have abundant tortuous vessels with sluggish flow which can accumulate bacteria
What can children develop, which is a subacute osteomyelitis with a more insidious onset and where the bone reacts by walling off the abscess with a thin rim of sclerotic bone?
Brodies abscess
In chronic osteomyelitis - where does it commonly occur and what causes it?
Axial skeleton - from haematogenous spread pulmonarym urinary infections and discitis. TB can cause it.
What is acute osteomyelitis treated with>
Best guess IV antibiotics
How is chronic osteomyelitis usually treated?
With surgery
What three types of patients are at particular risk of osteomyelitis of the spine - most commonly lumbar?
Diabetics
IV drug users
Immunocompromised patients
What condition presents with insidious onset back pain which is constant and unremitting, paraspinal muscle spasm, spinal tenderness and fever?
Osteomyelitis
What investigations should be done for osteomyelitis of spine?
MRI, blood cultures and consider endocarditis
How is osteomyelitis of spine treated?
high dose IV antibiotics after CT guided biopsy
