Significance testing

Question 1

Significance depends on ________ _____ and size of __________.

Answer 1

Sample size

Difference

Question 2

If the difference is significant what do we reject and what do we accept?

Answer 2

Reject: Null Hypothesis.
Accept: Experimental hypothesis.

Question 3

What are the three types of hypotheses? Give a brief description of each.

Answer 3

One tailed
- Directional. The difference will be in one direction.
Two tailed
- Non-directional. A difference will be in either direction.
Null
- No difference between conditions.

Question 4

What is a type 1 error? When is it likely to occur?

Answer 4

A false positive result. A result is found to be significant when it is not. Likely to occur with lenient P values (I.e. P

Question 5

What is a type 2 error? When is it likely to occur?

Answer 5

A false negative result. A result is found to be insignificant when it is actually significant. This will occur with stringent P values (I.e. P

Question 6

What two values are needed to calculate significance?

Answer 6

Calculate value and critical value (N).

Question 7

What do you need to know to find the critical value in a Chi-Squared test?

Answer 7

The Degrees of Freedom.

Question 8

how do you calculate the degrees of freedom?

Answer 8

Count up rows and columns (not including totals) then use the equation (x-1)(y-1).