Signaling

Question 1

What happens in lateral inhibition?

Answer 1

More Delta causes more Notch signalling in neighbouring cells. More Notch means less transcription of neural genes, and less Delta.

Question 2

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are secreted from signal-sending cells, bind to receptors in receiving cells, the receptor phosphorylates a downstream effector and the downstream effector, including transcription factors, changes gene expression. True or False?

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The prosencephalon becomes the telencephalon, which gives rise to the thalamus and hypothalamus, and the diencephalon which gives rise to the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. True or False?

Answer 3

False!
Yes the prosencephalon gives rise to the telencephalon and diencephalon but the telencephalon gives rise to the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia and the diencephalon gives rise to the thalamus and hypothalamus… (not the other way around)

Question 4

The metencephalon and myelencephalon give rise to which primary vesicle ?

Answer 4

rhombencephalon

Question 5

The anterior-posterior axis is created by the differentiation of segments by Hox genes? True or False?

Answer 5

True

Question 6

The notochord releases a signal that causes a divergence in gene expression between dorsal and ventral sides of the neural tube allowing the formation of the roof plate (Dorsal) and floorplate(Ventral). T or F?

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What are organizing centers?

Answer 7

They are signalling nodes(clusters of cells) that secrete morphogens e.g. Spemann’s organizer