Series circuits Flashcards
series circuit (definition)
a circuit that provides only one path for current between two points, so that the current is the same through each series resistor
series resistance formula
π β = π β + π β + β¦ + π β
series-aiding
series voltage sources whose polarities are in the same direction, causing current to flow in the same direction
series-opposing
series voltage sources whose polarities are in opposite directions, causing current to flow in opposite directions
Kirchoffβs voltage law
π β = πβ + πβ + β¦ + πβ
The sum of all the voltage drops around a single closed path in a circuit is equal to the total source voltage in that closed path.
Or, treating the source voltage as one of the terms in the summation:
πβ + πβ + β¦ + πβ = 0
The algebraic sum of the voltages around any closed path in a circuit is equal to zero.
voltage-divider formula
πβ = (π β/πβ)πβ
The voltage drop across any resistor or combination of resistors in a series circuit is equal to the ratio of that resistance value to the total resistance, multiplied by the source voltage.
power in a series resistive circuit
πβ = πβ + πβ + β¦ + πβ
The total amount of power in a series resistive circuit is equal to the sum of powers in each resistor in series.
power formulas for series circuits
πβ = πΌΒ²π β
πβ = πβπΌ
πβ = πβΒ²/π β
πβ is the source voltage across the series circuit, π β is the total resistance, and πΌ is the current through the circuit
open in a series circuit
an open in a series circuit prevents current
all of the source voltage appears across the open, because the open condition prevents current through the series circuit
with no current, there can be no voltage drop across any of the other resistors/components
short in a series circuit
when there is a short, a portion of the series resistance is bypassed (all of the current goes through the short), thus reducing the total resistance
there is essentially no voltage across the shorted part, because a short (usually) has zero or near-zero resistance
