SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS

Question 1

Skin pigmentation seen in different races is due to differences in…

Answer 1

melanin metabolism; NOT number of melanocytes

Question 2

What are chondroblasts derived from?

Answer 2

mesenchymal cells

Question 3

The first event in osteogenesis is the formation of a stacked layer of cells in bone. Osteoid is then secreted by…

Answer 3

osteoblasts

Question 4

Where does intramembranous bone formation occur? What bones is it responsible for the formation of? Does it create spongy or compact bone? Does it require a cartilage precursor?

Answer 4

in mesenchymal tissue; forms flat bones of the body; creates spongy and compact bone; does not require a cartilage precursor

Question 5

Most common site for osteoporoitic fracture?

Answer 5

vertebra!!!

Question 6

This drug binds to the receptor activator of nuclear kappa B ligand (RANKL) to prevent the conversion of osteoblasts to osteoclasts.

Answer 6

Denosumab (OPG)

Question 7

What are the peripheral neuronal fibers that transmit nociceptive information?

Answer 7

C and alpha-delta fibers

Question 8

Chronic pain is pain that lasts longer than (blank) months.

Answer 8

3

Question 9

T/F: Spinal taps are usually done at low lumbar levels, because the spinal cord ends at L2 and thus is not likely to be injured by this approach.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

At what vertebral level does the subarachnoid space end?

Answer 10

S2

Question 11

Do lamina make up part of the intervertebral foramen?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

Features of lumbar vertebra

Answer 12

large body
thick intervertebral disc
facets that face medial and lateral
mamillary process for the attachment of muscles

Question 13

Does the hypodermis have a large amount of adipose tissue and large blood vessels?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

The TRPV1 is a receptor that responds to chemical, thermal, and mechanical stimuli. It is involved with nociceptor signal transduction. Where is the TRPV1 receptor located?

Answer 14

in the peripheral sensory terminal

Question 15

What is responsible for the age related increased resistance to bending in the femur?

Answer 15

increased diameter of the diaphysis

Question 16

T/F: Prevalence of depression in patients with pain is 30-54% and rates of complete suicides are more common in patients with pain than in the general population.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

List two bisphoshonates

Answer 17

etidronate

alendronate

Question 18

Associated with an abnormal THORACIC curvature

Answer 18

kyphosis

Question 19

Is compensatory kyphosis common in pregnant women?

Answer 19

NO! Lordosis

Question 20

Associated with an abnormal LUMBAR curvature

Answer 20

lordosis

Question 21

Associated with an abnormal LATERAL curvature of the spine and an abnormal rotation of thoracic vertebra

Answer 21

scoliosis