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EMT MCESD1 > SECTION 7 TRAUMA > Flashcards

SECTION 7 TRAUMA Flashcards

1
Q

COMMUNCIABLE DISEASE

A

A DISEASE THAT CAN SPREAD FROM ONE PERSON OR SPECIES TO ANOTHER

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2
Q

EPIDEMIC

A

OCCURS WHEN NEW CASES OF DISEASE IN A HUMAN POPULATION SUBSTANTIALLY EXCEED THE NUMBER EXPECTED

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3
Q

ARTERIAL AIR EMBOLISM

A

AIR BUBBLES IN THE ARTERIAL BLOOD VESSELS

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4
Q

BLUNT TRAUMA

A

AN IMPACT PN THE BODY BY OBJECTS THAT CAUSE INJURY WITHOUT PENETRATING SOFT TISSUES IR INTERNAL ORGANS OR CAVITIES

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5
Q

CAVITATION

A

A PHENOMENON IN WHICH SPEED CAUSES A BULLET TO GENERATE PRESSURE WAVES WHICH CAUSE DAMAGE DISTANT FROM THE BULLETS PATH

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6
Q

COUP-CONTRECOUP BRAIN INJURY

A

A BRAIN INJURY THAT OCCURS WHEN FORCE IS APPLIED TO THE HEAD AND ENERGY TRANSMISSION THROUGH BRAIN TISSUE CAUSES INJURY ON THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE ORIGINAL IMPACT

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7
Q

DECELERATION

A

THE SLOWING OF AN OBJECT

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8
Q

DRAG

A

RESISTANCE THAT SLOWS A PROJECTILE SUCH AS AIR

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9
Q

GLASGOW COMA SCALE SCORE

A

AN EVALUATION TOOL USED TO DETERMINE THE LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS WHICH EVALUATES AND ASSIGNES POINT VALUES FOR EYE OPENING VERBAL RESPONSE AND MOTOR RESPONSE WHICH ARE THEN TOTALED

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10
Q

INDEX OF SUSPICION

A

AWARENESS THAT UNSEEN LIFETHREATENING INJURIES MAY EXIST WHEN DETERMINING THE MECHANISM OF INJURY

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11
Q

KINETIC ENERGY

A

THE ENERGY OF A MOVING OBJECT

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12
Q

MECHANISM OF INJURY

A

THE FORCES OR ENERGY TRANSMISSION APPLIED TO THE BODY THAT CAUSE INJURY

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13
Q

MEDICAL EMERGENCIES

A

EMERGENCIES THAT REQUIRE EMS ATTENTION BECAUSE OF ILLNESSES OR CONDITIONS NOT CAUSED BY AN OUTSIDE FORCE

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14
Q

MULTISYSTEM TRAUMA

A

TRAUMA THAT EFFECTS MORE THAN ONE BODY SYSTEM

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15
Q

PENITRATING TRAUMA

A

INJURY CAUSED BY OBJECTS SUCH AS KNIVES AND BULLETS THAT PIERCE THE SURFACE OF THE BODY AND DAMAGE INTERNAL TISSUE AND ORGANS

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16
Q

POTENTIAL ENERGY

A

THE PRODUCT OF MASS GRAVITY AND HEIGHT WHICH IS CONVERTED INTO KINETIC ENERGY AND RESULTS IN INJURY SUCH AS FROM A FALL

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17
Q

PROJECTILE

A

AN OBJECT PROPELLED BY FORCE SUCH AS A BULLET OR A WEAPON

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18
Q

PULMONARY BLAST INJURIES

A

PULMONARY TRAUMA RESULTING FROM SHORT RANGE EXPOSURE TO THE DETONATION OF EXPLOSIVES

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19
Q

REVISED TRAUMA SCORE

A

A SCORING SYSTEM USED TO TREAT PATIENTS WITH HEAD TRAUMA

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20
Q

TRAJECTORY

A

THE PATH A PROJECTILE TAKES ONCE IT IS PROPELLED

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21
Q

TRAUMA EMERGENCIES

A

EMERGENCIES THAT ARE HE RESULT OF PHYSICAL FORCES APPLIED TO A PATIENTS BODY

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22
Q

TRAUMA SCORE

A

A SCORE CALCULATED FROM 1 TO 16 WITH 16 BEING THE BEST POSSIBLE SCORE IT RELATES TO THE LIKELYHOOD OF PATIENT SURVIVAL WITH THE EXCEPTION OF A SEVERE HEAD INJURY IT TAKES INTO ACCOUNT THE GLASGOW COMA SCALE SCORE RESPIRATORY RATE RESPIRATORY EXPANSION SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE AND CAPILARY REFILL

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23
Q

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

A

THE EARDRUM A THIN SEMI TRANSPARENT MEMBRANE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE EAR THAT TRANSMITES SOUND VIBRATIONS TO THE INTERNAL EAR BY THE PROCCESS OF AUDITORY OSSICLES

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24
Q

WORK

A

THE MEASURE OF FORCE OVER DISTANCE

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25
Q

AORTA

A

THE MAIN ARTERY THAT RECIEVES BLOOD FROM THE LEFT VENTRICLE AND DELIVERS IT TO ALL THE OTHER ARTERIES THAT CARRY BLOOD TO THE REST OF THE BODY

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26
Q

ARTERIOLES

A

THE SMALLEST BRANCHES OF ARTERIES LEADING THE THE VAST NETWORK OF CAPPILARIES

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27
Q

ARTERY

A

A BLOOD VESSEL CONSISTING OF THREE LAYERS OF TISSUE AND SMOOTH MUSCLE THAT CARRIES BLOOD AWAY FROM THE HEART

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28
Q

CAPILLARIES

A

THE SMALL BLOOD VESSELS THAT CONNECT THE ARTERIOLES AND VENULES

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29
Q

COAGULATION

A

THE FORMATION OF CLOTS TO PLUG OPENINGS IN INJURED BLOOD VESSELS AND STOP BLOOD FLOW

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30
Q

CONTUSION

A

A BRUISE FROM AN INJURY THAT CAUSES BLEEDING BENEATH THE SKIN WITHOUT BREAKING THE SKIN

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31
Q

ECCHYMOSIS

A

A BUILDUP OF BLOOD BENEATH THE SKIN THAT PRODUCES A CHARACTERISTIC BLACK OR BLUE DISCOLORATION AS THE RESULT OF AN INJURY

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32
Q

EPISTAXIS

A

A NOSEBLEED

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33
Q

HEMATEMISIS

A

VOMITED BLOOD

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34
Q

HEMATOMA

A

A MASS OF BLOOD THAT HAS COLLECTED IN DAMAGED TISSUE BENEATH THE SKIN OR IN A BODY CAVITY

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35
Q

HEMATURIA

A

BLOOD IN THE URINE

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36
Q

HEMOPHILIA

A

A HEREDITARY CONDITION IN WHICH THE PATIENT LACKS ONE OR MORE OF THE BLOODS NORMAL CLOTTING FACTORS

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37
Q

HEMOPTYSIS

A

THE CAUGHING UP OF BLOOD

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38
Q

HEMORRAGE

A

BLEEDING

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39
Q

HEMOSTATIC DRESSING

A

A DRESSING IMPREGNATED WITH A CHEMICAL COMPOUND THAT SLOWS OR STOPS BLEDDINGBY ASSISTING WITH CLOT FORMATION

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40
Q

HYPOPERFUSION

A

A CONDITION IN WITCH THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM FAILS TO PROVIDE SUFFICIANT CIRCULATION TO MAINTAIN NORMAL CELLULAR FUNCTIONS ALSO CALLED SHOCK

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41
Q

HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK

A

A CONDITION IN WHICH LOW BLOOD VOLUME DUE TO MASSIVE INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL BLEEDING OR EXTENSIVE LOSS OF BODY WATER RESULTS IN INADEQUITE PERFUSION

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42
Q

JUNCTIONAL TOURNIQUET

A

A DEVICE THAT PROVIDES PROXIMAL COMPRESSION OF SEVERE BLEEDING NEAR THE AXIAL OR INGUINAL JUNCTION WITH THE TORSO

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43
Q

MELENA

A

BLACK FOUL SMELLING TARRY STOOL CONTAINING DIGESTED BLOOD

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44
Q

OPEN BOOK PELVIC FRACTURE

A

A LIFE THREATENING FRACTURE OF THE PELVIS CAUSED BY A FORCE THAT DIS PLACES ONE OF BOTH SIDES OF THE PELVIS LATTERALLY AND POSTERIORLY

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45
Q

PELVIC BINDER

A

A DEVICE TO SPLINT THE BONY PELVIS TO REDUCE HEMORRAGE FROM THE BONE ENDS VENOUS DISRUPTION AND PAIN

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46
Q

PERFUSION

A

THE CIRCULATION OD BLOOD WITHIN AN ORGAN OR TISSUE IN ADEQUITE AMOUNTS TO MEET THE CURRENT NEEDS OF THE CELLS

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47
Q

SHOCK

A

A CONDITION IN WHICH THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM FAILS TO PROVIDE ADEQUITE CIRCULATION TO MAINTAIN NORMAL CELLULAR FUNCTIONS ALSO CALLED HYPOPERFUSION

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48
Q

TOURNIQUET

A

THE BLEEDING CONTROL METHOD USED WHEN A WOUND CONTINUES TO BLEED DESPITE THE USE OF DIRECT PRESSURE USEFUL IF A PATIENT IS BLEEDING FROM A SEVERELY FROM A PARTIAL OR COMPLETE AMPUTATION

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49
Q

VASOCONSTRICTION

A

THE NARROWING OF A BLOOD VESSEL SUCH AS WITH HYPOPERFUSION OR COLD EXTREMITIES

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50
Q

VEINS

A

THE BLOOD VESSELS THAT CARRY THE BLOOD FROM THE TISSUES TO THE HEART

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51
Q

VENULES

A

VERY SMALL THIN WALLED BLOOD VESSELS

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52
Q

ABRASION

A

LOSS OR DAMAGE OF THE SUPERFICIAL LAYER OF SKIN AS A RESULT OF A BODY PART RUBBING OR SCRAPING ACROSS A ROUGH OR HARD SURFACE

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53
Q

AMPUTATION

A

AN INJURY IN WHICH PART OF THE BODY IS COMPLETLY SEVERED

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54
Q

AVULSION

A

AN INJURY IN WHICH SOFT TISSUE IS TORN OR LOOSE OR IS HANGING AS A FLAP

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55
Q

BURNS

A

INJURIES IN WITCH SOFT TISSUE DAMAGE OCCURS AS A RESULT OF THERMAL HEAT FRICTION HEAT TOXIC CHEMICALS ELECTRICITY OR NUCLEAR RADIATION

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56
Q

CLOSED INJURIES

A

INJURIES WHICH OCCUR BENEATH THE SKIN OR MUCOUS MEMBRANE BUT THE SURFACE OF THE SKIN REMAINS INTACT

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57
Q

COMPARTMENT SYNDROME

A

SWELLING IN A CONFINED SPACE THAT PRODUCES DANGEROUS PRESSURE MAY CUT OFF BLOOD FLOW OR DAMAGE SENSITIVE TISSUE

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58
Q

CONTACT BURN

A

A BURN CAUSED BY DIRECT CONTACT WITH A HOT OBJECT

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59
Q

CONTAMINATION

A

THE PRESENCE OF IMFECTIVE ORGANISMS OR FOREIGN BODIES SUCH AS DIRT GRAVEL OR METAL

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60
Q

CONTUSION

A

A BRUISE FROM AN INJURY THAT CAUSES BLEEDING BENEATH THE SKIN WITHOUT BREAKING THE SKIN

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61
Q

CRUSHING INJURY

A

AN INJURY THAT OCCURS WHEN A LARGE AMOUNT OF FORCE IS APPLIED TO THE BODY

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62
Q

CRUSH SYNDROME

A

SIGNIFICANT METABOLIC DERANGEMENT THAT DEVELOPED WHEN CRUSHED EXTREMITIES OR BODY PARTS REMAIN TRAPPED FOR PROLONGED PERIODS OF TIME THISCAN LEAD TO RENAL FAILURE OR DEATH

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63
Q

DERMIS

A

THE INNER LAYER OF SKIN CONTAINING HAIR FOLICLES SWEAT GLANDS NERVE ENDINGS AND BLOOD VESSELS

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64
Q

EPIDERMIS

A

THE OUTER LAYER OF SKIN WHICH IS MADE UP OF CELLS THAT ARE CEALED TOGETHER TO FORM A WATERTIGHT PROTECTIVE COVERING FOR THE BODY

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65
Q

EVISCERATION

A

THE DISPLACMENT OF ORGANS OUTSIDE THE BODY

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66
Q

EXCITED DELIRUIM

A

A SERIOUS BEHAVIORAL CONDITION IN WHICH A PERSON EXHIBITS AGITATED BEHAVIOR COMBINED WITH DISORIENTATION, HALUCINATIONS OR DELUSIONS

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67
Q

FASCIA

A

THE FIBER LIKE CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT COVERS ARTERIES VEINS TENDONS AND LIGAMENTS

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68
Q

FLAME BURN

A

A BURN CAUSED BY AN OPEN FLAME

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69
Q

FLASH BURN

A

A BURN CAUSED BY EXPOSURE TO EXTREME HEAT SUCH AS IN AN EXPLOSION

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70
Q

FULL THICKNESS BURNS OR THIRD DEGREE

A

BURNS THAT AFFECT ALL SKIN LAYERS AND MAY AFFECT THE SUBCUTANIOUS LAYERS , MUSCLE, BONE, AND INTERNAL ORGANS LEAVING THE ARE DRY LEATHERY AND WHITE DARK BROWN OR CHARRED

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71
Q

IMPALED OBJECTS

A

OBJECTS THAT PENITRATE THE SKIN BUT REMAIN IN PLACE

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72
Q

INCISION

A

A SHARP SMOOTH CUT IN THE SKIN

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73
Q

LACERATION

A

A DEEP JAGGED CUT IN THE SKIN

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74
Q

MUSCOUS MEMBRANES

A

THE LINING OF THE BODY CAVITIES AND PASSAGES THAT COMMUNICATE DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY WITHT THE ENVIRONMENT OUTSIDE THE BODY

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75
Q

OCCLUSIVE DRESSING

A

AN AIRTIGHT DRESSING THAT PROTECTS A WOUND FROM AIR AND OR BACTERIA

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76
Q

OPEN INJURIES

A

INJURIES IN CHICH THERE IS A BREAK IN THE SURFACE OF THE SKIN OR THE MUSCOUS MEMBRANE EXPOSING DEEPER TISSUE TO POTENTIAL CONTAMINATION

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77
Q

PARTIAL THICKNESS SECOND DEGREE BURNS

A

BURNS THAT AFFECT THE EPIDERMIS AND SOME PORTION OF THE DERMIS BUT NOT THE SUBCUTANIOUS TISSUE CHARACTERIZED BY BLISTERS AND SKIN THAT IS WHITE TO RED MOIST AND MOTTLED

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78
Q

PENETRATING WOUND

A

AN INJURY RESULTING FROM A SHARP OR PIERCING OBJECT

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79
Q

RABID

A

INFECTED WITH RABIES

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80
Q

RULE OF NINES

A

A SYSTEM THAT ASSIGNES PERCENTAGES TO SECTIONS OF THE BOD ALLOWING CALCULATION OF THE AMOUNT OF SKIN SURFACE INVOLVED IN THE BURN AREA

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81
Q

SCALD BURN

A

A BURN CAUSED BY HOT LIQUIDS

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82
Q

STEAM BURN

A

A BURN CAUSED BY EXPOSURE TO HOT STEAM

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83
Q

SUPERFICIAL BURNS OR FIRST DEGREE BURNS

A

BURNS THAT EFFECT ONLY THE EPIDERMIS CHARACTERIZED BY SKIN THAT IS RED BUT NOT BLISTERED OR ACTUALLY BURNED THROUGH

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84
Q

THERMAL BURN

A

A BURN CAUSED BY HEAT

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85
Q

AIR EMBOLISM

A

THE PRESENCE OF AIR IN THE VEINS WHICH CAN LEAD TO CARDIAC ARREST IF IT ENTERS THE HEART

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86
Q

ANISOCORIA

A

NATURALLY OCCURING UNEVEN PUPIL SIZE

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87
Q

BLOW OUT FRACTURE

A

A FRACTURE OF THE ORBIT OR THE BONES THAT SUPPORT THE FLOOR OF THE ORBIT

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88
Q

CONJUNCTIVA

A

THE DELICATE MEMBRANE THAT LINES THE EYELIDS AND COVERS THE EXPOSED SURFACE OF THE EYE

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89
Q

CONJUNCTIVITIS

A

INFLAMATION OF THE CONJUNCTIVA

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90
Q

CORNEA

A

THE TRANSPARENT TISSUE LAYER IN FRONT OF THE PUPIL AND IRIS OF THE EYE

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91
Q

EUSTACHIAN TUBE

A

THE TUBE THAT CONNECTS THE EAR TO THE OROPHARYNX

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92
Q

EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL

A

THE EAR CANAL LEADS TO THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

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93
Q

GLOBE

A

THE EYEBALL

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94
Q

IRIS

A

THE MUSCLE AND SOUROUNDING TISSUE BEHIND THE CORNEA THAT DIALATE AND CONSTRICT THE PUPIL REGULATING THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT THAT ENTERS THE EYE

95
Q

LACRIMAL GLANDS

A

THE GLANDS THAT PRODUCE LIQUID TO KEEP THE EYE MOIST ALSO CALLED TEAR GLANDS

96
Q

LENS

A

THE TRANSPARENT PART OF THE EYE THROUGH WHICH IMAGES ARE FOCUSED ON THE RETINA

97
Q

MASTOID PROCCESS

A

THE PROMINENT BONY MASS AT THE BASE OF THE SKULL ABOUT 1 INCH POSTERIOR TO THE EXTERNAL OPENING OF THE EAR

98
Q

OPTIC NERVE

A

A CRANIAL NERVE THAT TRANSMITS VISUAL IMFROMATION TO THE BRAIN

99
Q

PINNA

A

THE EXTERNAL VISIBLE PART OF THE EAR

100
Q

PUPIL

A

THE CIRCULAR OPENING IN THE MIDDLE OF THE IRIS THAT ADMITS LIGHT TO THE BACK OF THE EYE

101
Q

RETINA

A

THE LIGHT SENSITIVE AREA OF THE EYE WHERE IMAGES ARE PROJECTED

102
Q

RETINAL DETACHMENT

A

SEPERATION OF THE RETINA FROM ITS ATTACHMENTS AT THE BACK OF THE EYE

103
Q

SCLERA

A

THE TOUGH FIBEROUS WHITE PORTION OF THE EYE THAT PROTECTS THE MORE DELICATE INNER STRUCTURES

104
Q

STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID MUSCLES

A

THE MUSCLES ON EITHER SIDE OF THE NECK THAT ALLOW MOVEMENT OF THE HEAD

105
Q

SUBCUTANIOUS EMPHSEMA

A

A CHARACTERISTIC CRACKLING SENSATION FELT UPON PALPATION OF THE SKIN CAUSED BY THE PRESENCE OF AIR IN SOFT TISSUES

106
Q

TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT

A

THE JOINT FORMED WHERE THE CRANIUM AND MANDIBLE MEET JUST IN FRONT OF THE EAR

107
Q

TRAGUS

A

THE SMALL ROUNDED FLESHY BULGE THAT LIES IMMEDIATELY ANTERIOR TO THE EAR CANAL

108
Q

TURBINATES

A

LAYERS OF BONE WITHIN THE NASAL CAVITY

109
Q

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

A

THE EARDRUM A THIN SEMITRANSPARENT MEMBRANE IN THE MIDDLE EAR THAT TRANSMITS SOUND VIBRATIONS TO THE INTERNAL EAR BY MEANS OF AUDITORY OSSICLES

110
Q

anterograde amnesia

A

inability to remember injuries after and event

111
Q

axial loading injuries

A

injuries in which load is applied along the vertical or longitudinal axis of the spine which results in load being transmitted along the entire length of the vertebral column

112
Q

basilar skull fractures

A

fractures that usually occur following diffuse impact to the head generally assault from extension of a linear fracture to the base of the skull and can be difficult to diagnose with a radiograph

113
Q

battle sign

A

bruising behind the ear over the mastoid process that may indicate a skull fracture

114
Q

central neurogenic hyperventilation

A

an abnormal breathing pattern associated with increased ICP that is characterized by deep rapid breaths

115
Q

cerebral edema

A

swelling of the brain

116
Q

closed head injury

A

injury in which the bran has been injured but the skin has not been broken and there is no obvious bleeding

117
Q

concussion

A

a temporary loss or alteration of the brains abilities to function without actual physical damage to the brain

118
Q

coup contrecoup injury

A

a brain injury that occurs when force is applied to the head and energy transmission through brain tissue causes injury on the opposite side of the original impact

119
Q

epidural hematoma

A

an accumulation of blood between the skull and the dura mater

120
Q

eyes forward position

A

a head position in which the eyes are strait ahead and the chin inline with the torso

121
Q

four person log roll

A

the recommended procedure for moving a patient with a suspected spinal injury from the ground to a long backboard or other spinal precaution device

122
Q

intervertebral disks

A

tough elastic structures between adjoining vertebrae that act as shock absorbers

123
Q

intracerebral hematoma

A

bleeding within the brain tissue itself

124
Q

intracranial pressure

A

the pressure within the cranial vault

125
Q

involuntary activities

A

actions of the body that are not under the persons conscious control

126
Q

linear skull fracture

A

fractures that commonly occur in the temporoparietal region of the skull and that are not associated with deformities to the skull

127
Q

meninges

A

three distinct layers of tissue that surround and protect the brain and the spinal cord within the skull and the spinal canal

128
Q

open head injury

A

injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object in which there may be bleeding or exposed brain tissue

129
Q

primary injury

A

an injury to the brain and its associated structures that is a direct result of an impact the the head

130
Q

raccoon eyes

A

bruising under the eyes that may indicate a skull fracture

131
Q

retrograde amnesia

A

the inability to remember events leading up to a head injury

132
Q

secondary injury

A

the aftereffects of the primary injury

133
Q

subarachnoid hemorrhaging

A

bleeding into the subarachnoid space where the cerebrospinal fluid circulates

134
Q

subdermal hematoma

A

an accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater but outside the brain

135
Q

traumatic brain injury

A

a traumatic insult to the brain capable of producing physical intellectual emotional social and vocational changes

136
Q

voluntary activities

A

actions that are consciously preformed in which sensory input or conscious thought determines a specific muscular activity

137
Q

cardiac tamponade

A

compression of the heart due to buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac leading to decreased cardiac output

138
Q

closed chest injury

A

an injury to the chest in which the skin is not broken usually caused by blunt trauma

139
Q

Commotio Cordis

A

a blunt test injury caused by a sudden direct blow to the chest that occurs only during the critical portion of a persons heartbeat

140
Q

Crepitus

A

A grinding or grating sensation caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together

141
Q

Flail chest

A

a condition in which two or more adjacent ribs are fractured into or more places or in association with a fracture of the sternum so that a segment of the chest wall is effectively detached from the rest of the thoracic cage

142
Q

flutter valve

A

a one way valve that allows air to leave the chest cavity but not return

143
Q

Hemopneumothorax

A

the accumulation of blood and air in the pleural space of the chest

144
Q

Hemothorax

A

A collection of blood in the pleural cavity

145
Q

Myocardial Contusion

A

bruising of the heart muscle

146
Q

Occlusive dressing

A

an airtight dressing that protects a wound from air or bacteria

147
Q

open chest injury

A

an injury to the chest in which the chest wall itself is penetrated by a rib or more frequently by an external object such as a bullet or knife

148
Q

open pneumothorax

A

an open or penetrating chest wall wound through which air passes during inspiration or expiration creating a sucking sound

149
Q

Paradoxical motion

A

the motion of the portion of the chest wall that is detached in flailed chest

150
Q

paracardium

A

the fibrous sac that surrounds the heart

151
Q

pneumothorax

A

an accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity

152
Q

pulmonary contusion

A

injury or bruising of the lung tissue that results in hemorrhage

153
Q

simple pneumothorax

A

any pneumothorax that is free from significant physiologic changes and does not change drastic changes in the vital signs of the patient

154
Q

spontaneous pneumothorax

A

a pneumothorax that occurs when a weak area on the lung ruptures in the absence of major injury allowing air to leak into the pleural space

155
Q

sucking chest wound

A

an open or penetrating chest wall wound through which air passes during inspiration and expiration creating a sucking sound

156
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid respirations

157
Q

Tension pneumothorax

A

an accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity that progressively increases pressure in the chest that interferes with cardiac function with potentially fatal results

158
Q

Traumatic asphyxia

A

A pattern of injuries seen after a severe force is applied to the chest forcing blood from the great vessels back into the head and neck

159
Q

Vented chest seal

A

an occlusive dressing designed to allow air to escape through the dressing but not be drawn back in

160
Q

Closed abdominal injury

A

an injury in which there is soft tissue damage inside the body but the skin remains intact

161
Q

evisceration

A

the displacement of organs outside of the body

162
Q

flank

A

the region below the rib cage and above the hip

163
Q

Guarding

A

involuntary muscle contractions of the abdominal wall to minimize the pain of abdominal movement a sign of peritonitis

164
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urine

165
Q

Hollow organs

A

structures through which materials pass such as the stomach, small intestines, large intestines, ureters, and urinary bladder

166
Q

Melena

A

black foul smelling tarry stool containing digested blood

167
Q

open abdominal injury

A

an injury in which there is a break in the surface of the skin or mucous membrane exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination

168
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

the abdominal cavity

169
Q

Peritoneum

A

the membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the abdominal organs

170
Q

retro peritoneum

A

the potential space located posterior to the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen

171
Q

Solid organs

A

Solid masses of tissue where much of the chemical work of the body takes place

172
Q

acromioclavicular (AC) Joint

A

A simple joint where the bony projections of the scapula and the clavicle meet at the top of the shoulder

173
Q

Amputation

A

An injury in which part of the body is completely severed

174
Q

Articular cartilage

A

A pearly white layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surfaces of bones in synovial joints

175
Q

Calcaneus

A

The heel bone

176
Q

Closed fracture

A

Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin is not broken

177
Q

Compartment syndrome

A

Swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue

178
Q

crepitus

A

A grading or grinding sensation or sound caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together

179
Q

Dislocation

A

Disruption of a joint in which ligaments are damaged and the bone ends are no longer in contact

180
Q

Displaced fracture

A

A fracture in which bone fragments ar….other producing deformity in the limb

181
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Bruising or discoloration associated with bleeding within or under the skin

182
Q

False motion

A

Movement that occurs in a bone at a point where there is no joint indicating a fracture also called free movement

183
Q

Fascia

A

The fiber like connected tissue that covers arteries veins tendons and ligaments

184
Q

Fibula

A

The outer and smaller bone of the two bones of the lower leg

185
Q

Fracture

A

A break in the continuity of a bone

186
Q

Glenoid Fossa

A

The part of the scapula that joins with the humoral head to form the Glenohumeral joint

187
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in the urine

188
Q

Joint

A

The place where two bones come into contact

189
Q

Ligaments

A

Bands of fibrous tissue that connect bones to bones ligaments support and strengthen a joint

190
Q

Non displaced fracture

A

A simple crack in the bone that has not caused the bone to move from its normal anatomic position also called a hairline fracture

191
Q

Open fracture

A

Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin has been broken

192
Q

Pelvic binder

A

A device to splint the Bony Pelvis to reduce hemorrhage from bone ends Venus disruption and pain

193
Q

Point tenderness

A

Tenderness that is sharply localized at the site of the injury found by gently palpating along the bone with the tip of one finger

194
Q

Position of function

A

A hand position in which the wrist is slightly dorsiflexed and all finger joints are moderately flexed

195
Q

Reduce

A

To return a dislocated joint or fractured bone to its normal position to set

196
Q

Retroperitoneal space

A

The space between the abdominal cavity and the posterior abdominal wall containing the kidneys certain large vessels and parts of the gastrointestinal tract

197
Q

Sciatic nerve

A

The major nerve to the lower extremities controls much of muscle function and the leg and sensation in most of the leg and foot

198
Q

sling

A

A bandage or material that helps to support the weight of an injured upper extremity

199
Q

Splint

A

A flexible or rigid device used to protect and maintain the position of an injured extremity

200
Q

sprain

A

A joint injury involving damage to supporting ligaments and sometimes partial or temporary dislocation of bone ends

201
Q

Strain

A

Stretching or tearing of a muscle also: muscle pull

202
Q

Swath

A

A bandage that passes around the chest to secure an injured arm to the chest

203
Q

Tibia

A

The Shinbone the larger of the two bones of the lower leg

204
Q

Tourniquet

A

The bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or complete amputation

205
Q

Traction

A

Longitudinal force applied to a structure

206
Q

Zone of injury

A

The area of potentially damaged soft tissue adjacent nerves and blood vessels surrounding an injury to a bone or a joint

207
Q

Air embolism

A

The presence of air in the veins which can lead to cardiac arrest if it enters the heart

208
Q

Ambient temperature

A

The temperature of the surrounding environment

209
Q

Antivenin

A

A serum that counteracts the effects of venom from an animal or insect

210
Q

Bends

A

A common name for decompression sickness

211
Q

Breath holding syncope

A

Loss of consciousness caused by a decreased breathing stimulus

212
Q

Conduction

A

The loss of heat by direct contact

213
Q

Convection

A

The loss of body heat caused by air movement

214
Q

Core temperature

A

The temperature of the central part of the body

215
Q

Decompression sickness

A

A painful condition seen in divers who ascend too quickly in which gas especially nitrogen forms bubbles in blood vessels and other tissues

216
Q

Diving reflex

A

The slowing of the heart rate caused by submersion in cold water

217
Q

Drowning

A

The process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion or immersion in liquid

218
Q

Dysbarism injuries

A

Any signs and symptoms caused by the difference between the surrounding atmospheric pressure and the total gas pressure in various tissues fluids and cavities of the body

219
Q

Evaporation

A

The conversion of water or another fluid from a liquid to a gas

220
Q

Frostbite

A

Damage to tissues as the result of exposure to cold frozen body parts frozen or partially frozen body parts or frostbitten

221
Q

Heat cramps

A

Painful muscle spasms usually associated with vigorous activity in a hot environment

222
Q

Heat exhaustion

A

A heat emergency in which a significant amount of fluid and electrolyte loss occurs because of heavy sweating also called heat prostration or heat collapse

223
Q

Heat stroke

A

A life threatening condition of severe hyperthermia caused by exposure to excessive natural or artificial heat marked by warm dry skin severely altered mental status and often irreversible coma

224
Q

Homeostasis

A

A balance of all systems of the body

225
Q

hymenoptera

A

A family of insects that includes bees wasps ants and yellow jackets

226
Q

hyperthermia

A

A condition in which the body core temperature rises to 101 degrees Fahrenheit or 38.3 degrees Celsius or more

227
Q

Hypothermia

A

A condition in which the body core temperature falls below 95 degrees Fahrenheit or 35 degrees Celsius

228
Q

Radiation

A

The transfer of heat to colder objects in the environment by radiant energy for example heat gain from a fire

229
Q

Respiration

A

The inhaling and exhaling of air the physiological process that exchanges carbon dioxide from fresh air

230
Q

Reverse triage

A

A triage process used in treating multiple victims of a lightning strike in which efforts are focused on those who are in respiratory and cardiac arrest. reverse triage is different from conventional triage where such patients would be classified as deceased

231
Q

Scuba gear

A

A system that delivers error to the mouth and lungs at various atmospheric pressures increasing with the depth of the dive stands for self contained underwater breathing apparatus

232
Q

Turgor

A

The ability of the skin to resist deformation tested by gently pinching skin on the forehead or back of the hand

EMT MCESD1 (4 decks)

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