section 13 Flashcards
acute anterior compartment syndrome
caused by significant injury such as direct trauma to the front of the leg. Emergency as it will cause loss of blood flow to area due to high pressure.
Symptoms: the 5 P’s.
Pain, Pale, Paraesthesis (tingling), pulselessness, paralysis
chronic anterior compartment syndrome
not a medical emergency. Related to physical exertion.
inferior tibiofibular joint
amphiarthrodial (slightly moveable) and syndesmosis (held together by strong ligaments). The union between distal tibia and fibula.
Connected by anterior/posterior inferior tibiofibular ligaments, and the interosseous membrane (the mortice stabilizers).
the ankle joint
hinge ginglymus joint. Dorsiflexion- 20 degrees plantarflexion- 50 degrees closed pack- fully dorsiflexed open pack- plantarflexed 10 degrees page 122
subtalar joint
arthrodial. junction between inferior talus and superior calcaneous bone.
Joint helps with inversion (turning food inward, ROM 35) and eversion (turning foot outward, ROM 15).
mid tarsal joint
arthrodial. joint between the calcaneous and the cuboid bones on the lateral side of the foot, and the talus and navicular bones on the medial side of the foot.
Joint helps with inversion (turning food inward, ROM 35) and eversion (turning foot outward, ROM 15).
hindfoot
talus and calcaneous bones
midfoot
navicular, cuboid, and 3 cuniform bones
forefoot
the 5 metatarsals and all the phalanges
deltoid ligament complex (4)
Notice how all attach to tibia/have tibia in name
medial stabilizer ligaments:
tibiocalcaneal (attaches malleolus (ankle bone) to calcaneous)
Tibionavicular (attaches malleolus to navicular)
Ant. tibiotalar (attaches ant. malleolus to ant. talus)
Posterior tibiotalar ligament (attaches post. malleolus to post. talus)
lateral stabilizers (3) notice how all attach to fibula/have fibula in name
Ant. Talofibular (horizontal. Attaches lateral malleolus to ant. talus)
Calcaneofibular (vertical. attaches lateral malleolus to calcaneous)
Post. talofibular (horizontal. Attaches lateral malleolus to post. talus).
medial longitudinal arch
Runs on medial side of foot from the calcaneus to the first 3 metatarsals. Receives weight of the body. Supported by the tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior muscles
lateral longitudinal arch
runs on the lateral side of the foot from the calcaneus to the fourth and fifth metatarsals. Supported by the peroneus longus muscle
transverse arch
runs side to side through the 3 cuniforms to the cuboid.
the arches are maintained by 3 aspects
the shape of the tarsal bone
the plantar ligaments/fascia
the muscles of the leg and foot