Science Lesson 3: This is how it is built! Flashcards

1
Q

Earthquakes that occur under the sea; Japanese word for “Harbor Waves”

A

Tsunami

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2
Q

Shaking of the ground caused by tremendous release of energy due to the pressure in Earth’s crust

A

Earthquake

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3
Q

Fracture in between two blocks of rock

A

Fault

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4
Q

Hanging walls fall down

A

Normal Fault

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5
Q

Visible line/crack on the Earth’s surface

A

Fault Line

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6
Q

Movement of a hanging wall

A

Dip-Slip Fault

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7
Q

Fault with little to no movement

A

Strike-Slip Fault

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8
Q

Hanging wall moves upwards

A

Reversed Fault

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9
Q

Causes of Earthquakes

A
  1. Volcanic Eruption
  2. Tectonic Plate Movement
  3. Manmade Activities
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10
Q

Effects of Earthquakes

A
  • Intense Shaking.& Ground ruptures
  • Collapsing houses/buildings
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11
Q

Slope or inclination of any geological surface

A

Dip

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12
Q

Rock that falls above the fault line

A

Hanging Wall

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13
Q

Rock that falls below the fault line

A

Foot Wall

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14
Q

Horizontal line drawn on the sloping surface

A

Strike

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15
Q

2 Types of Body Waves

A

Primary (P-Waves) and Secondary (S-Waves)

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16
Q

2 Types of Surface Waves

A

Love waves and Rayleigh Waves

17
Q

This type of Body waves can travel through solid only and has less velocity.

A

Secondary (S-Waves) Waves

18
Q

This type of body wave can travel through both solid and liquid and travels faster.

A

Primary (P-Waves) Waves

19
Q

Wave that sweeps the surface in a side-to-side motion

A

Love Waves

20
Q

Wave that moves in an up-and-down movement

A

Rayleigh Waves

21
Q

Instrument that detects/measures seismic waves

A

Seismograph

22
Q

Print/Display screen of seismic data

A

Seismogram

23
Q

Is internal in a seismograph; acts as a pendulum

A

Seismometer

24
Q

It is the quantitive measure of the energy released by an earthquake

A

Magnitude

25
Q

Refers to the strength of an earthquake

A

Intensity

26
Q

Most common scale used to determine the magnitude of an earthquake

A

Ritcher Scale

27
Q

Process of mountain building

A

Orogeny

28
Q

Large surface feature that rises from the ground

A

Mountain

29
Q

Series of mountain chains

A

Mountain Range

30
Q

First scale used in identifying earthquake intensity

A

Rossi-Forel Scale

31
Q

Process wherein magma escapes from Earth’s interior

A

Vulcanism

32
Q

Magma that has reached the surface

A

Lava

33
Q

Now widely-used scale that used Rossi-Forel scale as basis for development

A

Modified Mercalli Scale

34
Q

Magma’s ability to flow

A

Viscosity

35
Q

Landform with an opening at its tip; “vent” of the Earth

A

Volcano

36
Q

When magma has cooled above the surface, it is called ____.

A

Extrusive Vulcanism

37
Q

Magma that has risen but is still underground

A

Intrusive Vulcanism