Science Formative

Question 1

Describe how the Red Shift observed of stars and galaxies provide evidence that supports the Big Bang/ expansion Theory.

Answer 1

• The redshift of stars and galaxies shows that they are moving away from us, which means the universe is expanding
• This expansion supports the Big Bang Theory, which says the universe started from a tiny point and has been growing ever since

Question 2

Know which color of light has the longest wavelength, and know which color has the shortest.

Answer 2

Longest wavelength of visible light: Red light
Shortest wavelenght of visible light: Violet light

Question 3

Describe what happens to light waves as they move towards you.

Answer 3

• As light waves move towards you, they get compressed
• Their wavelenght gets shorter
• This shift makes the light appear bluer
• Called blue shift
• Shorter wavelengths correspond to the blue end of the visible spectrum

Question 4

Describe what happens to light waves as they move away from you.

Answer 4

• As light waves move away from you, they get stretched
• Lengthens their wavelength
• This makes the light appear redder (called red shift)
• Longer wavelengths correspond to the red end of the visible spectrum

Question 5

Be able to draw a clear diagram of the Doppler Effect

Answer 5

The closer the waves are, the higher the frequency (higher pitch) the more blue they are and the further they are the more red and less frequent (lower frequency) they are.

Question 6

Summarize the Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer 6

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms by transformation or transfer

Question 7

Describe with examples energy transfers and transformations

Answer 7

Wind carries kinetic energy as it moves. When the wind blows, it transfers its kinetic energy to the blades of a wind turbine, causing them to spin.

In photosynthesis, plants transform solar energy from sunlight into chemical energy stored in glucose (sugar) as they convert carbon dioxide and water.

Question 8

Be able to describe how the Doppler Effect of light waves emitted by stars and galaxies provides scientific support/ evidence for the expansion of the Universe via the Big
Bang

Answer 8

The Doppler Effect causes light from galaxies moving away from Earth to shift to red, indicating they are receeding, and supports Hubble’s Law, which connects speed and distance, providing evidence for the Big Bang theory of the universe’s expansion.