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Small Animal Medicine > SA med CPR cards CSV > Flashcards

SA med CPR cards CSV Flashcards

1
Q

~

~What does CPA stand for?

A

Cardiopulmonary Arrest

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2
Q

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~What does CPR stand for?

A

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

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3
Q

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~What does ROSC stand for?

A

Return Of Spontaneous Circulation (goal of CPR)

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4
Q

~

~What does BLS stand for?

A

Basic Life Support

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5
Q

~

~What does ALS stand for?

A

Advanced Life support

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6
Q

~

~What is Cardiopulmonary Arrest?

A

Complete cessation of ventilation & circulation

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7
Q

~

~What are indications for CPR?

A

Respiratory

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8
Q

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~What is the sequence of events during CPA?

A

Absence of tissue perfusion —> no O2 or glucose to tissues—>hypoxic - ischemic brain injury —> global hypoxia —> Cell Death —> Multiple organ dysfunction —> Irreversible injury —> Death

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9
Q

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~What is the biggest concern with CPA?

A

hypoxic/ischemic brain injury

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10
Q

~

~What is the overall survival for animals that undergo CPA?

A

6% survival

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11
Q

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~Under what circumstances does the survival % go up for animals that undergo CPA?

A

Anesthetic CPA

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12
Q

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~What are the odds of survival for an animal that undergoes Anesthetic CPA?

A

45-50%

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13
Q

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~What causes anesthetic CPA?

A

Hypoxemia

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14
Q

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~What are negative prognostic indicators for animals undergoing CPA?

A

DOA

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15
Q

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~Are there evidence based guidlines and standards for CPR in Vet Med?

A

YES! historically no

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16
Q

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~What are the 5 stages of CPR in Vet med?

A

Recognition & prevention/preparedness

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17
Q

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~What are important factors to successful CPR?

A

Good Leadership

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18
Q

~

~What are the most important pieces of monitoring equipment on a crash cart?

A

ECG

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19
Q

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~Why is a defibrillator nice to have but not necessary?

A

Most common arrest rhythm in vet med is asystole NOT ventricular fibrillation/flutter (thats humans)

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20
Q

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~What is the best way to train your staff in CPR?

A

In house simulations on dummies or mock scenarios

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21
Q

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~What should be done after every CPR case?

A

Debrief with staff and talk about what worked and what didn’t

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22
Q

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~How many people should be in a CPR team?

A

Ideally 3:

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23
Q

~

~What is the “chain of survival” concept?

A

Early Recognition of CPA

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24
Q

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~If you suspect a pt is in CPA what should you do?

A

Start CPR right away!

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25
Q

~

~What will happen if you do CPR on an animal that really isn’t in CPA?

A

They will “wake up” and possibly bite you

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26
Q

~

~Why should you not delay CPR to hook up or rely on monitors to tell you if a pt is in CPA?

A

Heat can give off electrical signals with out beating. Auscultation or palpation is best bet to tell

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27
Q

~

~What is the order of events in CPR for Vet Med?

A

ABC:

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28
Q

~

~What is the bottom line in CPR?

A

Avoid chaos

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29
Q

~

~What are the 4 components of basic life support (BLS)?

A

Recogition of CPA

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30
Q

~

~What is the goal of CPR?

A

Get O2 to brain and heart until ROSC occurs

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31
Q

~

~How many seconds should you take to assess a pt before beginning CPR?

A

5-10

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32
Q

~

~What should be preformed together with BLS?

A

ALS

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33
Q

~

~How should the animal be placed when doing chest compressions?

A

In Lateral Recumbency (right if think going to open CPR) or Dorsal recumbency

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34
Q

~

~What is the only breed we really do CPR on in dorsal recumbency?

A

BullDogs or other barrel chested breeds

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35
Q

~

~How far should you compress the chest during CPR?

A

1/2 -1/3 the width & allow to recoil completely before you compress again

36
Q

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~What are the 2 pump theories of CPR?

A

Cardiac

37
Q

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~What animals can you do cardiac pumping in?

A

Small dogs, puppies, cats or Thin (Keel) chested dogs

38
Q

~

~Where do you place your hand in the thoracic pump CPR?

A

widest portion of chest when in lateral recumbency (caudel to actual heart)

39
Q

~

~Where do you place your hand in the cardiac pump CPR?

A

Over the heart

40
Q

~

~What rate should you preform chest compressions at?

A

100-120 beats per minute

41
Q

~

~What song can you sing in your head to help you keep time?

A

Another one bites the dust or staying alive

42
Q

~

~When doing chest compressions on a dog in lateral recumbency where should the spine be?

A

Against you so they dont slide off the table

43
Q

~

~What is important in securing an airway or ventilation?

A

SECURE THE TUBE!

44
Q

~

~How can you give IPPV with out and ET tube?

A

Mouth to snout

45
Q

~

~If you are doing CPR on your own how many compressions to breaths to you give?

A

30:2

46
Q

~

~What is interposed abdominal compressions?

A

When you let chest recoil some one else pushes on the abdomen to return the blood to thorax

47
Q

~

~What are the pros of interposed abdominal compressions?

A

May increase venous return

48
Q

~

~What are the cons of interposed abdominal compressions?

A

Minimal Abdominal trauma (there dead anyway might as well go for it)

49
Q

~

~What is the CPR cycle?

A

2 Minutes of continuous CPR then rotate positions

50
Q

~

~When do you administer ALS?

A

After BLS and onward to ROSC

51
Q

~

~What tx are included in ALS?

A

Catheter (IV best)

52
Q

~

~Do all CPA patients need fluids?

A

No

53
Q

~

~What is the best location for a catheter in a CPR patient (1-4)?

A
  1. IV
54
Q

~

~What is the caveat when giving rescue meds IT?

A

Must give 3-5x the regular dose

55
Q

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~What is the caveat when giving rescue meds IP?

A

Takes a long time to absorb, last resort

56
Q

~

~When should you give rescue meds inter cardiac?

A

NEVER! Big No No

57
Q

~

~Best place for IO catheter?

A

Femur! In-between neck & greater trochanter

58
Q

~

~What bones can you place and IO catheter in?

A

Femur

59
Q

~

~When do administer rescue meds (drugs) during CPR?

A

Every other BLS cycle

60
Q

~

~What are the two primary drugs used in CPR?

A

Epinephrine

61
Q

~

~Why do we give Epinephrine during CPR?

A

Vasoconstriction so when ROSC occurs it increases CO

62
Q

~

~Do we use the high or low does of Epinephrine during CPR?

A

LOW DOSE ONLY

63
Q

~

~Why do we give Atropine during CPR?

A

When ROSC occurs it will increase the heart rate increasing CO

64
Q

~

~What other drugs can be given during CPR & why?

A

Vasopressin - vasoconstriction

65
Q

~

~When are fluids indicated in CPR?

A

Active hemorrhage

66
Q

~

~What heart rhythm is the ONLY on you use a defibrillator on?

A

Ventricular Fibrillation/flutter

67
Q

~

~What is the goal of defibrillation?

A

Asystole

68
Q

~

~How many shocks per round of BLS?

A

1 only

69
Q

~

~When monitoring the ECG what are the most common arrhythmias from most to least?

A

Asystole

70
Q

~

~When should you assess ECG?

A

During rotation of 2min cycle or at direction of leader

71
Q

~

~Should you monitor BP during CPR?

A

NO its not true anyway

72
Q

~

~What should you do instead of monitoring BP?

A

Someone monitor femoral pulse

73
Q

~

~What can monitoring femoral pulse tell you during CPR?

A

If you are compressing the chest enough to move blood (you should be creating a pulse with each compression)

74
Q

~

~Why is ETCO2 such a good monitor to have during CPR?

A

First indicator of ROSC

75
Q

~

~What will ETCO2 be during CPR before ROSC?After?

A

Very Low 2-5 then once ROSC it shoots up!

76
Q

~

~Are taking an ABG or Electrolytes indicated during CPA? After ROSC?

A

CPA: NO

77
Q

~

~What are the indications for open chest CPR?

A

Thoracic wall defect/trauma

78
Q

~

~What additional equipment is needed to preform open chest CPR?

A

Clippers

79
Q

~

~Do you need to sterilely prep the pt to open the chest for CPR?

A

No they are dead

80
Q

~

~What are the steps to open chest CPR?

A

Rt Lat Recumbency

81
Q

~

~Why should you stay above the chondral costal jxn when entering the thorax for open CPR?

A

Don’t what to cut the internal thoracic artery and cause them to bleed out

82
Q

~

~What are some complications that can occur with open chest CPR?

A

Lung Laceration

83
Q

~

~How can you try to prevent lung laceration when entering the thoracic cavity for open CPR?

A

Have IPPV person pause and allow the lungs to deflate

84
Q

~

~What should you do after ROSC?

A

Monitor!

85
Q

~

~What should you monitor after ROSC?

A

ECG

86
Q

~

~What may you need if ROSC happens during open CPR?

A

Anesthesia (propofol, iso)

87
Q

~

~Why is debriefing after CPR so important?

A

Improves team work

Small Animal Medicine (3 decks)

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