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OB WSET III > S P A I N > Flashcards

S P A I N Flashcards

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1
Q

Biggest challenge to growing grapes in Spain?

A

Drought

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2
Q

Best way to grow grapes in Spain?

A

Bush-trained vines with low density, which maximize the water to each vine and shading fruit from excessive heat

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3
Q

Best wines in Spain use:

A

Oak maturation

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4
Q

What is carbonic maceration used to do in wines?

A

Enhance fruity nature of wines

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5
Q

Premier black grape variety in Spain

A

Tempranillo

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6
Q

Describe Tempranillo

A

Thick skinned

Medium acid

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7
Q

What is the term for Tempranillo that is fermented using semi-carbonic maceration?

A

Joven

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8
Q

What kinds of climates can prove challenging for Tempranillo?

A

Hot climates without a high diurnal temperature, because the wine will lack the acidity it needs to be balanced

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9
Q

What is the Spanish term for Grenache?

A

Garnacha Tinta

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10
Q

What is the Spanish term for Mourvedre

A

Monastrell

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11
Q

Describe Monastrell

A 
Drought tolerant
Full-bodied
High tannin
Low to medium acid
Ripe blackcurrant fruit notes
High ABV
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12
Q

What kinds of conditions do thick-skinned grapes need to ripen?

A

Hot

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13
Q

What does Graciano add to wines?

A

Acid, black fruit aromas, and tannins

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14
Q

What is the Spanish name for Carignan?

A

Cariñena

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15
Q

What kinds of wines does Cariñena produce?

A

High ABV, high tannin, high acid

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16
Q

What kinds of wine does Mencia produce?

A

Medium to high acid
Herbaceousness
Fresh fruit

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17
Q

What climates does Mencia grow in?

A

Moderate climate

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18
Q

What time are most of the white wine grapes in Spain harvested?

A

At night or in early morning, to preserve delicate floral aromas

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19
Q

What climactic factor is Verdejo highly susceptible to?

A

Oxidation

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20
Q

What kinds of wines does Verdejo produce, now?

A

Similar to Sauvignon Blanc
Light body
High acid
Melon and Peach notes

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21
Q

Where is Albariño grown?

A

Northwest Spain

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22
Q

Describe Albariño

A

High in acid
Citrus and stone fruit notes
Can be made full-bodied

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23
Q

Spanish PDOs

A

DO and DOCa

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24
Q

What are the only two DOCas?

A

Rioja and Priorat

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25
Q

What are the aging categories for Spanish wines, youngest to oldest required?

A

Joven
Crianza
Reserva
Gran Reserva

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26
Q

What does Vinos de Payo (VP) indicate on a Spanish wine?

A

Small number of single estates with high reputations, the grapes must come from their own estates

27
Q

What is the PGI term in Spain?

A

VDT

28
Q

What is the most widely planted grape varietal in Spain?

A

Airen

29
Q

What is Airen used for, mostly?

A

Brandy de Jerez

30
Q

What are the main varietals used in Cava production in Spain?

A

Parellada
Xarel-lo
Macabeo

31
Q

Which of the grapes used in Cava production is also used in still wine production? What is it known as?

A

Macabeo

Viura

32
Q

Where do the lightest wines in Rioja come from?

A

Rioja Alavesa

33
Q

What is the main grape planted in Rioja

A

Tempranillo

34
Q

Where does Tempranillo thrive?

A

Cooler western-sub regions

35
Q

What grapes does Tempranillo often get blended with, and what do these grapes bring to blends?

A

Garnacha –– body and alcohol
Graciano
Mazuela

36
Q

How are red wines in Rioja made for early drinking?

A

Semi-carbonic maceration

37
Q

How are red wines in Rioja made for aging?

A

Grapes are destemmed and crushed with traditional fermentation

38
Q

What technique is critical in Rioja?

A

Oak maturation

39
Q

What is the most widely planted white grape in Rioja?

A

Viura

40
Q

When are garnacha grapes used in rosé production typically picked?

A

Earlier, when acid levels are higher and sugar levels are lower

41
Q

What is the main varietal produced in Cariñena and Catalyud?

A

Garnacha

42
Q

Where is most of the world’s cava made?

A

Catalunya

43
Q

Why was the Catalunya DO created?

A

To enable the blending of wines from various regions to create significant volumes of branded wine

44
Q

What is the climate of Priorat like?

A

Hot, dry, low annual rainfall

45
Q

What grapes flourish in Priorat?

A

Garnacha and Cariñena, both of which are late ripening

46
Q

What vine growing methods are used in Priorat?

A

Bush training

47
Q

Why does Priorat produce grapes with such high levels of complexity?

A

Low nutrient soils produce low yields of grapes

48
Q

Describe red Priorat

A

Highly tannic
Concentrated black fruit
Toasty aromas from new French oak

49
Q

WHat is the dominant grape in Ribera del Duero?

A

Tempranillo

50
Q

How do winemakers in Ribera del Duero accentuate fruit flavors and tannins in their wines nowadays?

A

By undergoing long macerations and aging wines

51
Q

What kinds of wines are produced in Rueda?

A

White

52
Q

Why is Rueda ideal for Verdejo wine production?

A

Cool summer nights with continental climate

53
Q

Other than Verdejo, what is the important varietal in Rueda?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

54
Q

Why is the north-west of Spain wetter and cooler than the rest of the country?

A

Atlantic influence

55
Q

Where do some of Spain’s best white wines come from?

A

North-West Spain

56
Q

Why might a winemaker use pergolas to train vines?

A

To avoid rot and improve air circulation

57
Q

Describe Albariño

A

Made in an unoaked style
High acid
Ripe stone fruit

58
Q

What is the primary wine made in Rias Baixas?

A

Albariño

59
Q

What kind of wines come from Valencia?

A

Value-for-money white wines

60
Q

What kind of climate does Monastrell prefer?

A

Hot, dry climates

61
Q

What is the largest DO in Spain?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

62
Q

What is another name for Tempranillo?

A

Cencibel

63
Q

Minimum Total Aging Requirements for Red Wines

Joven
Crianza
Reserva
Gran Reserva

A

0
24
36
60

64
Q

Minimum Total Aging Requirements for White Wines and Rosés

Joven
Crianza
Reserva
Gran Reserva

A

0
18
24
48

OB WSET III (18 decks)

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