russia key topic 4 Flashcards
when was collectivisation?
Stalin introduced the policy of collectivisation in 1928. due the need to industrialise he would move peasants onto a collective farm and they would have to provide the state with a fixed amount of produce and earn a wage doing so. this would allow for Stalin to proved the industrial workers with god and be able to sell surplus abroad to finance industrialisation
when were the 5 year plans?
1928-32, 1933-37, 1938-41
what were the features of the first 5 year plan?
it was focused mainly on heavy industry and the introduction of new industrial centres
what were the features of the second 5 year plan?
focused more on customer goods. mistakes made in the first plan were avoided and production of armaments trebled due to fear of invasion
what were the features of the third 5 year plan?
focused on production of household goods but heavy industry became the main priority due to looming war. the third plan experienced problems with the purges as many senior workers and officers were removed
what were the successes of industrialisation?
between 1929 and 1937 investment in education and training schemes created an elite workforce
in the years 1929-39 the population of the USSR’s cities rose by 29 million
what were the failures of industrialisation?
the targets set were to ambitious and as a result were often not achieved
peasants on collective farms were not experienced with the new machinery for example half the tractors provided for collective farms broke
millions died to poor working conditions
