rural

Question 1

Explain why arable, pastoral, market gardening and hill sheep farming take place where they do

Answer 1

Hill sheep- high grounds because it is cold and crops cannot survive so they put sheep up because they can with stand hard weather conditions and machinery can not access the land

Arable is in the east and crops are grown here because it’s mild and the land is flatter

Pastoral is in the west because it has perfect conditions for grass to be grown as food for the animals

Market gardening is in the sw because hot temps allow soft fruits to grow

Question 2

Explain the 5 changes that have taken place in farming in the Developed World

Answer 2

GM- is when farmers use seeds that have been altered by scientific techniques using past plants that were improved by breeding them with better plants which allowed farmers to grow strong plants which yielded large amounts of crops to sell

Organic farming- is arable farmers producing crops without artificial chemicals. Relies on natural farming techniques such as crops rotation and spreading manure as fertiliser. Things like organic milk and organic beef are produced without using antibiotic farmers turn to organic farming as consumers opt to buy chemical free food

Chemicals-fertiliser and pesticides- there has been a increase in the use of fertilisers and pesticides to try to improve crop yields and farmers profits. Chemical fertilisers have also enabled crops to be grown on areas with poorer soil

Machinery- increase in the use of machinery such as tractors, ploughs, combine harvesters and seed drills. Polly tunnels means farmers can artificially create a climate for fruits and drones can be used to help survey the farm and identify problems quicker.

Diversification- is when smaller farmers use there land for non farming activities to revive more income.for example they may use there farm for fruit picking, cafes, paint ball, horse riding and pumpkin picking

Question 3

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of these changes

in developed farming

Answer 3

GM crop

Advantages
• larger crop yields meaning more food for the consumers and more sales for the farmers
• could with stand disease due to the testing they have gone through
• meet global food demand
• more profit

Disadvantage-
• expensive to test
• slow process
•non organic

Organic farming-

Advantage-
• cheaper for farmers because they don’t have to pay for fertiliser and pesticides
• less algal bloom
• profit increase

Disadvantage-
• expensive for customers
• time consuming
•very strictly
•Labour intensive
• less crops yield
• can’t grow on all land

Chemicals and pesticides

Advantage-
• better quality
• more yield
• more profit
•can grow on more land

Disadvantage-
• bioaccumulation eat chemicals without knowing
• algal bloom
• if don’t keep a record of it could loss the farm

Diversification-

Advantages-
• earn more money yearly
• family friendly
• more jobs for locals

Disadvantage-
• less time to farm
• you have to spend alot of money before earning it back and getting a profit
• less land to farm
• need to pay employees their wages

Question 4

Explain the changes that have taken place in farming in Developing Countries ( Kerala India)

Answer 4

Machinery- the use off mini tractors( rotavators) and small mechanised rice harvesters means farming can be carried out much quicker and more efficient as it’s less labour intensive

GM Crops- populations can now grown GM crops to produce high yield varieties, for example rice and wheat. The can now be grown faster and farmers can produce more.

Irrigation- monsoon rains can be very unpredictable the introduction of improved large scale irrigation systems give a more reliable all year water supply and allows crops to be grown all year round. Irrigation can help combat drought. Canals and channels leads water to fields from large reservoirs

Chemicals- less organic farming takes place in Kerala now, this due to the increased amount of chemicals available to farmers. Artificial fertilisers helps to grow crops better giving higher yields and more food

Question 5

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of these changes

Kerala India

Answer 5

Machinery-

Advantages-

• can be carried or much quicker
• less money spent on cost of labour
• farms become much more profitable and increase in size

Disadvantage-
• can’t afford changes
• may not know how to operate new machinery
• increased use of machinery could readily in loss of jobs

GM crops

Advantage-

• crops can be grown faster therefore farmers can produce more
• High yield variations

Disadvantage-
• require large amounts of fertiliser
• more prone to attacks from pests and disease

Irrigation

Advantage-
• farmers can have two or three harvests per year
• crops can be grown all year round
• can combat drought

Disadvantage-
• large scale irrigation systems are expensive
• and reservoirs can drown farmland

Chemicals

Advantage-
• give higher yield
• help grow crops better
• prevents pests and disease killing crops which leads to more food

Disadvantage-
• can reduce soil quality and destroy soil structure
• run off can result in pollution of water sources and affect wildlife