Roots, Prefixes, and Suffixes Flashcards
A-, an-
without or not
ab-
away from
acr(o)-
extremity, tip
ad-
toward
alba-
white
ambi-
both, on sides
ana-
upward, backward, excessive, through
andr(o)-
male
ankyl(o)-
crooked, fused, stiff
ante-
before, forward
anti-
against, opposed
audi-
hear
auto-
self
bi-
double, two
bio-
life, living matter
brach-
short
Brady(o)-
slow, short, dull (i.e. bradycardia - slow heart rate)
carbon(o)-
cancer, malignant
cata-
down, negative, under, against, lower
caud-
tail, inferior
cent(i)-
hundred
chronic(i, o, us)-
time, long time
circum-
around
contra-, counter-
against, opposite
cry(mo, o)-
cold
de-
down, from, away from, not
dext-
right
di-
two, double, twice
dia-
across, through, apart
dis-
separation, away from
dys-
bad, difficult, abnormal
ecto-
outer, outside
Endo-
inner, inside
epi-
Over, on, upon
eryth-
Red
esthesi-
sensation
etio-
cause
ex-
out, out of, from, away from
febr(i, o)-
fever, boil
fract-
break, broken
fund-
base, bottom
gen-
beginning, origin, produce
gluc-
sweet, sugar, glucose
gyn(a, e, eco, o)-
female
hemi-
half
heter-
other, different
hol-
whole, all
hom(eo, o)-
unchanged, alike, same
hyg(ei, ie)-
health
hyper-
excessive, too much, high
hypo-
under, decreased, less than normal
iatr(o)-
physician
idio-
distinct, peculiar to the individual
immuno-
protection
in-
in, into, within, not
infra-
beneath
inter-, intra, intro-
between
iso-
equal, like, identical
juxta-
adjoining, near to
kyph(o)-
bend, hump
lact(o)-
milk
later(al, o)-
side
leuk-
white
levo-
left
macro-
large
mal-
bad, illness, disease
mega-
large
micro-
small
mono-
one, single
multi-
many
necr(o)-
death, destruction, corpse
neo-
new
noct(i, o)-
night
non-
not
olig-
small, scanty
onc(o)-
tumor, mass
ortho(o)-
straight, erect, correct
osm(io, o)-
smell, odor
oxy-
sharp, acute, acid
palp-
touch, feel
pan-
all
para-
abnormal, near
path(o)-
disease, suffering
pept(o)-
digestion
per-
by, through
peri-
around
phag(o)-
eat, consume
pharmaco-
drugs, poison, medication
Physio-
natural, physical agents
poly-
many, much
post-
after, behind
pre-
before, in front of, prior to
pro-
before, infant of
pseudo-
false
quadr(a, i)-
four
re-
again
retro-
backward
schist(o)-
spilt, divided
sclera(o)-
hard
Semi-
half
sepsi-
putrid, rotten
son(o)-
sound
steno-
contracted, narrow
strat(i)-
layer
sub-
under
super-
above, over, excess
supra-
above, over
therm-
warm
tract-
pull down
trans-
across
ultra(a, o)-
excessive, extreme, beyond
uni-
one
zyg(o, us)-
yoke, join, together
myo-
muscle
osteo-
bone
tox-
poison
uro-, urea-
urinary
thorac-
chest
spondylo-
spine
soma-
body
tars-
flat of foot or edge of eyelid
sep-, septic-
rot, filth
rhin-, rhino-
nose
pulmo-
lung
reno-, ren-
kidney
orb-
circle/disc
psycho-
mind
patho-
disease, suffering
opthalm-
eye
neuro-
nerve
oculo-
eye
nephro-
kidney
narc-
numbness, stiffness
meningo-
membrane
lip-, lipo-
fat
laryngo-
larynx
lacri-, lachry-
tear
illio-, illium-
ileum (pelvis)
hydro-
water
hepa-, hepato-
liver
gastr-
stomach
hem-, hemat-
blood
digit-
finger or toe
derma-, dermato-
skin
cyt-, cyto-, cyte-
cell
dactyl-, dactylo-
digits, fingers or toes
cysti-, cysto-
bladder
cut-
skin
crani-
brain
cost-
rib
cortic-
outer coverings
chondr-, chondri-, chondrio-
cartilage
cerebro-
brain
cephal-
head
bronch-, bronchi-
lungs
abdomin(o)-
abdomen
aden(o)-
gland
adren(o)-
adrenal gland
angi(o)-
vessel
arteri(o)-
artery
arthr(o)-
joint
card-, card(o)-
heart
col(o)-
colon
cyan(o)-
blue
cyst(o)-
bladder, cyst
Encephal(o)-
brain
enter(o)-
intestines
fiber(o)-
fiber, fibrous
gastr(o)-
stomach
gloss(o)-
tongue
Hyster(o)
uterus
mamm(o)-
breast, mammary gland
mast(o)-
mammary gland, breast
men(o)-
menstruation
myel(o)-
spinal cord, bone marrow
orth(o)-
straight, normal, correct
ot(o)-
ear
ped(o)-
child, foot
phleb(o)-
vein
pnea-
breathing, respiration
pneum(o)-
lung, air, gas
proct(o)-
rectum
py(o)-
pus
rect(o)-
rectum
splen(o)-
spleen
sten(o)-
narrow, constriction
stern(o)-
sternum
stomata(o)-
mouth
thromb(o)-
clot
thyr(o)
thyroid
trache(o)-
trachea
vas(o)-
blood vessel
ven(o)-
vein
-able
capable of, suitable for
-ago
disease
-algesia
pain
-ase
enzyme
-asis
state or condition of, usually abnormal
-cele
hernia, herniation, pouching
-cide
kill, causing death
-cule
very small
-cyte
cell
-dom
state of being
-graph
diagram, recording instrument
-graphy
making a recording
-hood
state, quality of, condition
-iasis
condition of
-ician
one skilled in, one who practices
-ism
condition
-itis
inflammation
-ity
quality of, state of
-ive
having power to, that which performs
-ize
to treat by a special method
-kinesis
motion
-phylaxis
protection
-plasty
surgical repair or reshaping
-plegia
paralysis
-pnea
to breathe
-porosis
passage
-ptosis
falling, sagging
-rrhage, -rragia
excessive flow
-rrhea
profuse flow, discharge
-sclerosis
dryness, hardness
-scoliosis
curvature, crooked
-scope
examination instrument
-duct
tube, channel
-eal
pertaining to
-ease
condition
-ectasis
dilation, stretching
-ectomy
excision, removal of
-ema
swelling, distention
-emesis
vomitting
-emia
blood condition
-ferent
bear, carry
-feron
to strike
-form
shape, structure
-genesis
development, productions, creation
-globin
protein
-gram
record
-lemma
sheath, covering
-logy
the study of
-lysis
destruction of, de-composition
-malacia
softening
-megaly
enlargement
-oid
form, like, resemble
-oma
tumor
-opsy
view of
-osis
condition
-otomy
cutting into
-paresis
paralysis
-pathy
disease
-penia
lack, deficiency
-phobia
an exaggerated fear
-scopy
examination
-sepsis
putrefaction
-some
body
-stasis
maintenance, maintaining a constant level
-stenosis
narrow, tighten, short, constrict
-stomy, -ostomy
creation of an opening
-thymia
thymus gland, mind, should emotions
tomy, -otomy
incision, cutting into
-tonia
stretching, putting under tension
-trophic
related to growth, development, or nutrition
-ule
little, small
-uria
condition of the urine
-version
to turn
-vert
turn
ABD
abdomen
ADL
activity of daily living
ad lib
as desired
alt dieb
Every other day
alt hor
alternate hours
alt noct
alternate nights
a.m.a
against medical advice
as tol
as tolerated
BM
bowel movement
Ca
Cancer
CC
chief complaint
c/o
complains of
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
CVA
cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
DJD
degenerative joint disease
DM
Diabetes mellitus
Dx
Diagnosis
ext
extract
fx
fracture
GI
gastrointestinal
GU
genitourinary
Hx
History
IBW
ideal body weight
ICT
inflammation of connective tissue
id
the same
L
left, length, lumbar
lig
ligament
M
muscle, meter, myopia
ML
midline
n
normal
OB
obstetrics
OTC
over the counter
P
pulse
PA
postural analysis
Px
Prognosis
R
respiration, right
R/O
rule out
ROM
Range of motion
Rx
Prescription
SOB
shortness of breath
SP, spir
spirit
Sym
symmetric
T
temperature
TLC
tender loving care
Tx
treatment
URI
Upper respiratory infection
WD
well developed
WN
well nourished