Rocks And Building Materials Flashcards
What is limestone?
It is mainly calcium carbonate
What is limestone used for?
It is used to make calcium oxide and cement
How do you make concrete?
By mixing cement with sand, aggregate and water
What happens when calcium carbonate is heated strongly?
It decomposes by heating (thermal decomposition) to make calcium oxide and carbon dioxide:
Calcium carbonate = calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
What happens to metal carbonates when they are heated or reacted which acids?
All metal carbonates react in similar ways when heated or reacted with metals
What happens when metal carbonates are heated strongly enough?
Metal carbonates decompose to the metal oxide and carbon dioxide when they are heated strongly enough
What happens when carbonates react with acids?
They all produce salt, water and carbon dioxide
How is limestone damaged by acid rain?
The calcium carbonate in the limestone reacts with acids in the rain
What happens when water is added to calcium oxide?
They react and produce calcium hydroxide
What happens when calcium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide?
Calcium carbonate is produced, the main compound of limestone
What is the limestone reaction cycle?
Calcium carbonate/limestone -(heat)- calcium oxide (carbon dioxide is given off)- (add a little water)- calcium hydroxide- (add more water and filter)- calcium hydroxide solution/limewater- (add carbon dioxide~this is the test for carbon dioxide)- calcium carbonate/limestone (again)
How do you make cement?
Limestone is mixed with clay and heated strongly in a kiln
How do you make mortar?
Cement is mixed with sand and water
How is concrete made?
By adding aggregate to cement, sand and water
Advantages for an area where limestone is quarried:
- more jobs for local people
- more customers and trade for local business
- improved roads
