Risk Management (Bench mark 2)

Question 1

Decision making triad for use of force?

Answer 1

Aid to determine if force is justified

Question 2

Graham vs Connor

Answer 2

Allow officers to act on the threat of violence, not violence itself

Question 3

Bodily harm vs Great bodily harm

Answer 3

Any touching with physical force in an intentional hostile and aggravated manner.

Bodily harm necessary beyond mere bruises

Question 4

What is the one-plus-one theory?

Answer 4

The right of the officer to escalate one level of force above the level of the suspects resistance

Question 5

Factors that officers could perceive when dealing with suspects?

Answer 5

Officer/Subject size disparity
Apparent strength disparity
Apparent skill disparity
Multiple assailants or officers
Mental health crisis
Environmental concerns
Past experience or special knowledge
Suspect actions
Goal directed behavior
Injury and exhaustion
Drug or alcohol impairment

Question 6

Golden rules of force?

Answer 6

Necessary force is the only lawful force.
Minimum force is the maximum lawful force.
Never create a new substantial risk of injury to innocent or uninvolved third parties.
Force is never used as retribution or punishment.
Warning should be given when feasible.

Question 7

Levels of Resistance from Suspects?

Answer 7

Psychological intimidation
Verbal non-compliance
Passive resistance
Defensive resistance
Active aggression
Aggravated active aggression

Question 8

Why must we articulate officer actions?

Answer 8

To convey our perceptions and decisions which formulate objectively reasonable force

Question 9

Why must we maintain a professional demeanor and verbal commands during the application of force?

Answer 9

To assist with legal protections

Question 10

What are the levels of control and force continuum?

Answer 10

Officer presence
Verbal direction
Soft empty hand control
Soft intermediate weapons
Hard empty hand control
Impact weapons
Deadly force

Question 11

What are the controlled escalation steps?

Answer 11

Appropriate level of force
Establish verbal control
Display weapons
Identify weapon
Verbalize consequences of non-compliance
Use force
Follow up control