rhetoric

Question 1

parallelism

Answer 1

the presentation of several ideas of equal importance by putting each of them into the same kind of grammatical structure

Question 2

chiasmus

Answer 2

a type of parallelism (where similar elements are balanced with each other) in which the balanced elements are presented in reverse order

Question 3

antithesis

Answer 3

contrast two ideas by placing them next to each other, always in a parallel structure

Question 4

tricolon

Answer 4

when a sentence has three clearly defined parts of equal length

Question 5

anaphora

Answer 5

the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences, commonly in conjunction with climax and parallelism

Question 6

anadiplosis

Answer 6

repeats the last word of one phrase, clause, or sentence at or very near the beginning of the next. it can be generated in series for the sake of beauty or to give logical progression

Question 7

epistrophe

Answer 7

forms the counterpart of anaphora, because the repetition of the same word or words comes at the end of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences

Question 8

epanalepsis

Answer 8

the use of the same word or phrase at the beginning and end of a sentence

Question 9

ellipsis

Answer 9

the omission of an easily supplied word present in a previous parallel construction

Question 10

syllepsis

Answer 10

a kind of ellipsis in which one word (usually a verb) is understood differently in relation to two or more other words, which it modifies or governs

Question 11

anthimeria

Answer 11

the substitution of one part of speech for another

Question 12

anastrophe

Answer 12

when words appear in nonstandard syntactical order

Question 13

asyndeton

Answer 13

omitting conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses in a list

Question 14

polysyndeton

Answer 14

the use of conjunctions between each word, phrase, or clause and it thus structurally the opposite of asyndeton

Question 15

climax

Answer 15

the mounting by degrees through linked words or phrases, usually of increasing weight and in parallel construction

Question 16

understatement

Answer 16

deliberately expresses an idea as less important then it actually is for ironic emphasis or for politeness and tact

Question 17

hyperbole

Answer 17

the counterpart of understatement, deliberately exaggerates conditions for emphasis or effect

Question 18

litotes

Answer 18

denying the opposite or contrary of the word which otherwise would be used

Question 19

aposiopesis

Answer 19

breaks off a statement midway in order to create rhetorical effect

Question 20

erotema

Answer 20

rhetorical question: a question that does not call for an answer and actually makes a statement

Question 21

metanoia

Answer 21

the act of correcting oneself for rhetorical effect

Question 22

praeteritio

Answer 22

calling attention to a point by seeming to dismiss or ignore it

Question 23

irony

Answer 23

involves a statement whose hidden meaning is different from its surface or apparent meaning. the meaning is the opposite of the literal meaning

Question 24

simlie

Answer 24

a comparison between two different things that resemble each other in at least one way

Question 25

metaphor

Answer 25

compares two different thing by speaking of one in terms of the other

Question 26

metonymy

Answer 26

another form of a metaphor, in which the thing chosen for the metaphorical image is closely associated with (but not a part of) the subject with which it is to be compared.

Question 27

personification

Answer 27

metaphorically represents an animal or inanimate object as having human attributes- attribute of form, character, feelings, behavior, and so on. ideas and abstractions can also be personified.

Question 28

allusion

Answer 28

a short, informal reference to a famous person or event

Question 29

apostrophe

Answer 29

interrupts the discussion or discourse and addresses directly a person or personified thing, either present or absent. its most common purpose in prose is to give vent to or display intense emotion, which can no longer be held back.

Question 30

alliteration

Answer 30

is the recurrence of initial consonant sounds. the repetition can be juxtaposed (and then it is usually limited to two words)

Question 31

assonance

Answer 31

similar vowel sounds repeated in successive or proximate words containing different consonants

Question 32

consonance

Answer 32

the repetition in words stressed in the same place (but whose vowels differ). also, a kind of inverted alliteration, in which final consonants, rather than initial or medial ones, repeat in nearby words.

Question 33

onomatopoeia

Answer 33

the use of words whose pronunciation imitates the sound the word describes

Question 34

metabasis

Answer 34

consists of a brief statement of what has been said then what will follow

Question 35

procatalepsis

Answer 35

anticipates an objection that might be raised by a reader and responds to it, this permitting an argument to continue moving forward while taking into account opposing points

Question 36

hypophora

Answer 36

involves asking one or more questions and then proceeding to answer them, usually at some length.

Question 37

ethos

Answer 37

persuading by using an appeal to the qualifications or character of the source

Question 38

pathos

Answer 38

persuading by using emotional appeal

Question 39

logos

Answer 39

persuading by using intellectual and logical appeal, backed by hard date and sounds reasoning