Retinoblastoma Flashcards
What is retinoblastoma?
Primarily a pediatric malignancy that develops in cells of the retina
It is the most common intraocular tumor in young children.
Where is the retinoblastoma gene (RB gene) located?
Located on chromosome 13
It is a tumor suppressor gene.
What type of cells does retinoblastoma originate from?
Neuroectoderm
What characterizes retinoblastoma under a microscope?
Contains deep blue cells with little cytoplasm following a specific staining procedure
What is a common complication of retinoblastoma tumors?
Necrosis and hemorrhage are common within the tumor
What percentage of all primary tumors of the eye does retinoblastoma account for?
25%
At what age are 95% of retinoblastoma cases diagnosed?
Before the age of 5
What is the incidence rate of retinoblastoma in live births?
1 in 15,000 live births will be diagnosed
What are the two forms of retinoblastoma?
Inheritable and Non-inheritable
What is a characteristic of the inheritable form of retinoblastoma?
History of disease in the family, tends to be bilateral tumors
What is a characteristic of the non-inheritable form of retinoblastoma?
No history of disease in family, roughly 65% are unilateral
What are potential parental factors linked to retinoblastoma?
Diets low in fruits and vegetables, exposure to chemicals, smoking, excessive radiation exposure, older age among fathers
What is leukochoria?
An abnormal retinal light reflex often seen in retinoblastoma
What imaging modality is the choice for pre-treatment staging of retinoblastoma?
MRI
