Respiratory System Flashcards
What to remember about air ?
Air will always move from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure via diffusion. The greater difference in pressure the faster air will flow
What are the muscles used during breathing at rest at inspiration?
Diaphragm
External Intercostals
What are the muscles used during breathing at rest at expiration?
Passive: diaphragm and external intercostals just relax
What are the muscles used during exercise at inspiration ?
Diaphragm External intercostals Sternocleidomastoid Scalenes Pectorales major
What muscles are used during exercise at expiration?
Internal intercostals
Abdominals
Define tidal volume
Volume of air breathed in or out per breath
Define inspiratory reserve volume
Volume of air that can be forcibly inspired after a normal breath
Decrease during exercise
Define expiratory reserve volume
Volume of air that can be forcibly expired after a normal breath
Slight decrease
Residual volume
Volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximum expiration
Remains the same
Define Minute ventilation
Volume of air breathed in or out per minute
Increase during exercise
What is gaseous exchange concerned with ?
Getting oxygen in air into the lungs so that it can diffuse into the blood and be transported to the cells of the body.
The removal of carbon dioxide from the blood.
Gaseous exchange at the alveoli
Partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in the alveoli is higher than the partial pressure of the oxygen in the capillary blood vessels. Because oxygen being removed by working muscles so it’s conc in blood is lower.
Correct passage of air
‘Nearly lobbed the ball brilliantly again’
Nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
How is diffusion helped by their structure?
BOG
Big surface area
Once cell thick
Good blood supply
