Respiratory System

Question 1

Purpose of tracheal cartilage rings

Answer 1

To stop treachea collapsing, to allow flexibility in neck

Question 2

Name for internal nostrils

Answer 2

Choana

Question 3

Lung lobes (left)

Answer 3

Dog - 3 lobes
Horse - 2 lobes

Question 4

What is each lung covered in?

Answer 4

Pulmonary pleura (visceral pleura)

Question 5

What does the pleura space contain

Answer 5

Vacuum

Question 6

Chemoreceptors

Answer 6

Peripheral and central
Measure pH and oxygen levels

Question 7

Peripheral

Answer 7

In walls of aorta and carotid artery’s (large blood vessels)

Question 8

Central

Answer 8

I’n medulla of brain

Question 9

Why are there changes of pH in the blood during respiration?

Answer 9

High levels of co2 (hypercapnia) lowers the pH and makes the blood more acidic, chemoreceptors detect this and send signal to inspiritory center in brain (pons/ medulla)

Question 10

What happens after signals from blood being more acidic sends to brain

Answer 10

Impulses from inspiratory centre travel to diaphragm (via phrenic nerve) and to the intercostal muscles (via intercostal nerve).

Question 11

What happenes after impulses from inspiratory centre travel to diaphragm?

Answer 11

The diaphragm and intercostal muscles then contract cause if lungs the expand/ thorax to enlarge and air to be forced into the lungs due to the drops of pressure

Question 12

Control of expiration , stretch receptors

Answer 12

Stretch receptors lie within walls of bronchi and bronchioles, when the lungs have expanded sufficiently sends a messaged to inspiratory centre in medulla/ pons via vagus nerve this inhibits the hearing Breuer reflex