Respiratory blue print Flashcards
What is the normal VQ ratio?
A. 0.8
B. 0.6
C. 0.5
D. 0.9
A. 0.8
What is the ideal air to blood amount?
A. 5 L air/min to 4 L blood/min
B. 4 L air/min to 5 L blood/ min
B. 4 L air/min to 5 L blood/ min
What is the process of breathing?
A. Air is inhaled and exchanged by perfusion
B. Air is inhaled and exchanged between alveoli and capillaries
B. Air is inhaled and exchanged between alveoli and capillaries
What does O2 bind to in the blood?
Hemoglobin
How is surfactant produced?
A. By the capillaries
B. By the alveoli
B. By the alveoli
What does surfactant do in the body?
4 things
- Surface tension
- Pulmonary compliance
- Prevent alveolar collapse
- Promote alveolar re-inflation
What type of system is pulmonary circulation?
Low pressure high flow system
What is tidal volume?
A. Air moved in and out with a normal breath
B. Air moved in and out in one minute
A. Air moved in and out with a normal breath
What is the amount expected in tidal volume?
500 mL
What is minute respiratory volume?
A. Air moved in and out with a normal breath
B. Air moved in and out in one minute
B. Air moved in and out in one minute
What is the expected amount of air in minute respiratory volume?
6 L
How long does the fetus rely on the placenta for oxygenation?
A. Until the last trimester
B. Until birth
C. Only if the amniotic fluid is low
B. Until birth
When is surfactant made during pregnancy?
A. In the first trimester and matured in the last trimester
B. In the last trimester and mature at 6 months
C. In the last trimester and mature at 4 months
B. In the last trimester and mature at 6 months
True or false:
At birth, the lungs are filed with fluid and not inflated.
True
The first breath is taken within 10 seconds
What age do the lungs reach full maturity?
A. 18
B. 20
C. 25
D. 35
C. 25
When do the alveoli begin to lose shape and form?
A. 40
B. 35
C. 30
D. 25
B. 35
What is a factor of aging in the lungs?
A. Increased sensitivity to chemoreceptors
B. Decreased sensitivity to chemo receptors
C. Bone changes in the rib cage decrease lungs’ ability to expand and contract
D. Decreased brain function
B. C. and D.
Which of the following is true of lung cancer?
A. It is the most common cancer
B. It is the second most common cancer
C. It has a good recovery expectancy
B. It is the second most common cancer
What is the most significant risk factor for lung cancer?
A. First hand smoking only
B. First and second hand smoking
B. First and second hand smoking
What is small cell carcinoma?
A. Most common type of malignant lung cancer
B. Bronchogenic carcinoma
C. Occurs almost exclusively in heavy smokers
D. Less frequent and called “oat-cell carcinoma”
Both C and D
What are some common manifestations of lung cancer?
A. Hemoptysis
B. Mimic signs of smoking
C. Decreased mobility
D. tachycardia
Both A and B
What type of treatment is usually given for lung cancer patients?
A. Palliative
B. Clinical trials are optimal
C. All patients receive lung transplant
A. Palliative
Transplant rules are very strict
Lung tumors don’t respond well to treatment
How is cystic fibrosis transmitted?
A. It is an infectious disorder that is highly contagious
B. It is transmitted by ineffective infection control during transplant surgeries
C. It is an autosomal recessive mutation on chromosome 6
D. It is an autosomal recessive mutation on chromosome 7
D. It is an autosomal recessive mutation on chromosome 7
