Reproductive systems 1 Flashcards
What are the two gonads
Testies - spermatozoa
Ovary - Oocytes
What makes up the pelvis
Hip bones, sacrum and coccyx
What is bigger, the pelvic inlet or outlet
Pelvic inlet is always bigger than outlet
What are the two pelvic subdivisions
False/greater and true/lesser
hat is in the false/greater pelvis
Superior region
Above pelvic inlet
Contains GI tract
What is in the true/lesser pelvis
Inferior region
Between inlet and outlet
Contains internal reproductive organs
What makes up the pelvic floor
Levator ani and coccygeus muscles
What openings are in the pelvic floor
Urethra
Anal canal
Vagina (females)
What are the teo triangles of the male peritoneum
Urogenital triangle (urethral opening, external genitalia) Anal triangle (anal canal and fat)
What is the function of the male reproductive system
Produce and transport spermatozoa
What makes up the male reproductive system
Testes
Reproductive tract/duct
Accessory stuctures and glands
What does the male reproductive tract include
Testes Epididymis Ductus (vas) deferens Ejaculatory duct Urethra
What is the tunica albuginea
Dense fibrous capsule surrounding testes
What do the testes produce
Sperm
Testosterone
Inhibin
What are the seminiferous tubules
Contained in lobules - join to form rete testes - join to form epididymis
What do Leydig (intestinal endocrine cells) produce
Testosterone
What do Nurse (Sertoli) cells produce
Inhibin
What do spermatogenic cells produce
Spermatogonia and spermatozoa at various stages of development
Describe the epididymis
Sperm enters from seminiferous tubules - exit via ductus deferens
Site of sperm maturation
Describe the ductus deferens (vas deferens)
Continues from epididymis - starts in spermatic cord
Covered by smooth muscle - behins urinary bladder - dilates to form ampulla
Describe ejaculatory ducts
Formed by union of duct from seminal vesicle and ampulla - Opens in prostatic urethra
What are the two function of the male urethra
Urination and ejaculation
What are the epithelium changes of the urethra
Transitional
Columnar
Stratified squamous
What are the three sections of the male urethra
Prostatic
Membranous
Penile/spongy
What are the two urinary/renal sphincters
External - skeletal - voluntary
Internal - Ensuring sperm ejaculated
What is retrograde ejaculation
Sphincter doesn’t close and sperm ends up in bladder
