Reproductive System Week 1-2 Flashcards
What is meiosis?
Process that makes egg and sperm
What is mitosis?
Process that makes identical copies of itself
What is fertilisation?
Fusion of eggs and sperm
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46
How much do the chromosomes split into?
23 in pairs
From the pairs, what do they split into?
22 autosomes and 1 sex
What does are the 2 options for the sex?
- Female - xx
- Male - xy
What is growth?
The increase in size of an organism by increasing the number of cells
What is developement?
The cells specialise to perform a specific function
What is repair?
Process of replacing or fixing damaged tissue
What do indentical twins consitst of?
same egg and sperm
What do fraturnal twins consist of?
2 eggs and 2 sperm
What is cell division? (3)
- An organism grows
- Organsim replaces worn out
- Repairs damaged tissue
What are the steps of mitosis? (6)
- Parent cell which has grown 4 chromosomes
- DNA replicates and chromosomes shorten and join by a centromere
- Metaphase happens and the chromosomes line up at the cell’s equator
- Anaphase occurs and spindle fibres pull the chromatids apart
- Cytoplasm splits and nucleus membrane forms around each group of chromatids
- 2 identical daughter cells are formed with 4 chromosomes in each
What does meiosis produce?
Gametes (eggs and sperm)