Reproduction & Growth Flashcards

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1
Q

Reproduction

A

The process by which living organisms generate new individuals of the same kind as themselves

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2
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

The method of making new organisms without the involvement of another individual.

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3
Q

Advantages of Asexual Reproduction

A

Effeciency
Genetic purity
Population growth

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4
Q

Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction

A

Lack of variation
Limited genetic diversity
Vulnerability to environmental changes

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5
Q

Methods of Asexual Reproduction

A

Budding
Cuttings
Grafting
Tissue culture

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6
Q

Budding

A

The process where a new organism starts growing as a small projection or “bud” on the body of the parent organism.

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7
Q

Cuttings

A

Refers to pieces of a plant, typically stems or leaves, that are cut from a parent plant and then planted to grow into new plants.

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8
Q

Grafting

A

A horticultural technique where tissues from one plant are joined to the tissues of another plant in order to grow them together as a single plant.

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9
Q

Tissue culture

A

A laboratory technique used to grow and maintain plant cells, tissues, or organs in a controlled environment, typically on a nutrient-rich medium.

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10
Q

Pollination

A

The transfer of pollen grains from the anthers to the stigmas of flowers

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11
Q

Types of Pollination

A

Self-pollination
Cross-pollination

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12
Q

Self-pollination

A

Occurs when a pollen grain is transferred from an anther to a stigma of the same flower or to a stigma of another flower on the same plant

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13
Q

Cross-pollination

A

Occurs when a pollen grain is transferred from an anther of a flower on one plant to a stigma of a flower on different plant of the same species

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14
Q

Function Of Petals

A

Function of the petal is to attract pollinators, such as bees and butterflies, by providing visual cues like color and scent.

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15
Q

Function Of Stigma

A

Function of the stigma is to capture pollen grains during pollination, allowing them to germinate and grow pollen tubes for fertilization

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16
Q

Function Of Sepals

A

They enclose and protect the flower bud before it opens. It also play a role in attracting pollinators and protecting the reproductive parts of the flower.

17
Q

Function Of Ovule

A

It contains the egg cell and surrounding protective layers. After fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed.

18
Q

Function Of Anther

A

To produce and release pollen grains, which contain the male gametes.

19
Q

Menstrual Cycle

A

This is a cycle of about 28 days which begins when a female reaches puberty

20
Q

Role Of Progesterone

A

A hormone in the body that plays a crucial role in preparing the uterus for pregnancy and supporting early pregnancy if it occurs.

21
Q

Role Of Estrogen

A

It helps regulate the menstrual cycle, stimulates the growth of the uterus lining, and plays a role in the development of breasts and other female physical features.

22
Q

Role Of Menopause

A

A natural stage in a woman’s life when her menstrual periods stop permanently. During menopause, the ovaries stop releasing eggs and produce lower levels of hormones like estrogen and progesterone.